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用于治疗眼表化学伤的纳米技术进展：眼科进展反思

Progress in Nanotechnology for Treating Ocular Surface Chemical Injuries: Reflecting on Advances in Ophthalmology.

作者信息

Qi Qiaoran, Su Dai, Zhuang Shuqin, Yao Sunyuan, Heindl Ludwig M, Fan Xianqun, Lin Ming, Li Jin, Pang Yan

机构信息

Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.

Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Center for Basic Medical Research and Innovation in Visual System Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200011, China.

出版信息

Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Feb;12(6):e2407340. doi: 10.1002/advs.202407340. Epub 2025 Jan 4.

DOI:10.1002/advs.202407340
PMID:39755928
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11809354/
Abstract

Ocular surface chemical injuries often result in permanent visual impairment and necessitate complex, long-term treatments. Immediate and extensive irrigation serves as the first-line intervention, followed by various therapeutic protocols applied throughout different stages of the condition. To optimize outcomes, conventional regimens increasingly incorporate biological agents and surgical techniques. In recent years, nanotechnology has made significant strides, revolutionizing the management of ocular surface chemical injuries by enabling sustained drug release, enhancing treatment efficacy, and minimizing side effects. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the etiology, epidemiology, classification, and conventional therapies for ocular chemical burns, with a special focus on nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems in managing ocular surface chemical injuries. Twelve categories of nanocarrier platforms are examined, including liposomes, nanoemulsions, nanomicelles, nanowafers, nanostructured lipid carriers, nanoparticles, hydrogels, dendrimers, nanocomplexes, nanofibers, nanozymes, and nanocomposite materials, highlighting their advantages in targeted delivery, biocompatibility, and improved healing efficacy. Additionally, current challenges and limitations in the field are discussed and the future potential of nanotechnology in treating ocular diseases is explored. This review presents the most extensive examination of this topic to date, aiming to link recent advancements with broader therapeutic strategies.

摘要

眼表化学伤常导致永久性视力损害，需要进行复杂的长期治疗。立即进行广泛冲洗是一线干预措施，随后在病情的不同阶段应用各种治疗方案。为了优化治疗效果，传统治疗方案越来越多地纳入生物制剂和手术技术。近年来，纳米技术取得了重大进展，通过实现药物持续释放、提高治疗效果和减少副作用，彻底改变了眼表化学伤的治疗方式。本文综述对眼化学烧伤的病因、流行病学、分类和传统治疗方法进行了全面分析，特别关注基于纳米技术的药物递送系统在治疗眼表化学伤中的应用。研究了十二类纳米载体平台，包括脂质体、纳米乳剂、纳米胶束、纳米晶片、纳米结构脂质载体、纳米颗粒、水凝胶、树枝状大分子、纳米复合物、纳米纤维、纳米酶和纳米复合材料，突出了它们在靶向递送、生物相容性和提高愈合效果方面的优势。此外，还讨论了该领域当前面临的挑战和局限性，并探讨了纳米技术在治疗眼部疾病方面的未来潜力。本文综述是迄今为止对该主题最广泛的研究，旨在将近期进展与更广泛的治疗策略联系起来。

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