Xu Qi, Silva Rui Miguel, Zmijewski Piotr, Li Ting Yu, Li Jian Yong, Yang LiuXi, Clemente Filipe Manuel
Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdańsk, Poland.
Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center (SPRINT), Rio Maior, Portugal.
Biol Sport. 2025 Jan;42(1):47-58. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2025.139081. Epub 2024 May 24.
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of 8-week intervention of recreational soccer (SCG) and basketball (BCG) conditioned games, as compared to self-exercise (SECG) and inactive (ICG) control groups, on aerobic capacity, vertical (VJ) and horizontal jump (SLJ) performance, and handgrip maximal strength (HG) in sedentary overweight and obese men and women. Ninety male and female sedentary overweight and obese volunteers (19.8 ± 1.5 years; 27.9 ± 1.8 m/kg) participated in this experimental parallel controlled design study and were examined on three occasions. Within-group analysis revealed that SCG and BCG significantly (p < 0.05) improved the performances after 8 weeks in the multistage fitness test (MFT) (23.3 and 19.6%, respectively), HG in right (1.6% and 2.9%) and left hands (1.3 and 1.7%), SLJ (5.8 and 1.4%) and VJT (27.4% and 33.9%). Between-group analysis revealed significantly greater post-intervention improvements in SCG (p < 0.001) and BCG (p = 0.043) than ICG in MFT. Improvements in SLJ were greater in SCG (p < 0.001) and BCG (p < 0.001) than ICG, being also better in SCG in comparison to SECG (p = 0.033). VJ performance was significantly better in SCG (p < 0.001), BCG (p < 0.001) and SECG (p = 0.002) than ICG. Only the improvements in HG right (p = 0.042), and SLJ (p = 0.016) showed interactions with sex. This study showed that both SCG and BCG are effective interventions for enhancing health-related physical fitness, specifically in terms of aerobic capacity and strength. Similar benefits in aerobic capacity could be attained through an 8-week self-regulated activity programme, engaging in activity 3 days per week following a supportive lecture on lifestyle change. Considering sex differences, men demonstrated greater improvements in strength and jumping variables when participating in recreational soccer and basketball. On the other hand, women exhibited more significant enhancements in self-selected activities compared to men, particularly in terms of aerobic capacity.
本研究旨在探讨8周的娱乐性足球（SCG）和篮球（BCG）条件游戏干预，与自我锻炼（SECG）和非活动（ICG）对照组相比，对久坐不动的超重和肥胖男性及女性的有氧能力、垂直（VJ）和水平跳跃（SLJ）表现以及握力最大力量（HG）的影响。90名久坐不动的超重和肥胖志愿者（19.8±1.5岁；27.9±1.8 m/kg）参与了这项实验性平行对照设计研究，并在三个时间点接受检查。组内分析显示，SCG和BCG在8周后的多阶段健身测试（MFT）中显著（p<0.05）提高了表现（分别提高了23.3%和19.6%），右手（1.6%和2.9%）和左手（1.3%和1.7%）的HG、SLJ（5.8%和1.4%）和VJT（27.4%和33.9%）。组间分析显示，SCG（p<0.001）和BCG（p=0.043）在干预后的MFT改善显著大于ICG。SCG（p<0.001）和BCG（p<0.001）的SLJ改善大于ICG，与SECG相比，SCG的改善也更好（p=0.033）。SCG（p<0.001）、BCG（p<0.001）和SECG（p=0.002）的VJ表现显著优于ICG。只有右手HG（p=0.042）和SLJ（p=0.016）的改善显示出与性别的相互作用。本研究表明，SCG和BCG都是增强与健康相关身体素质的有效干预措施，特别是在有氧能力和力量方面。通过为期8周的自我调节活动计划，每周进行3天的活动，并在听取关于生活方式改变的支持性讲座后，也可以在有氧能力方面获得类似的益处。考虑到性别差异，男性在参加娱乐性足球和篮球时，力量和跳跃变量的改善更大。另一方面，与男性相比，女性在自我选择的活动中表现出更显著的提高，特别是在有氧能力方面。
