Döttinger Cleo A, Steige Kim A, Hahn Volker, Bachteler Kristina, Leiser Willmar L, Zhu Xintian, Würschum Tobias
Institute of Plant Breeding, Seed Science and Population Genetics, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
State Plant Breeding Institute, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
Mol Breed. 2025 Jan 3;45(1):8. doi: 10.1007/s11032-024-01529-x. eCollection 2025 Jan.
Tofu is a popular soybean ( (L.) Merr.) food with a long tradition in Asia and rising popularity worldwide, including Central Europe. Due to the labour-intensive phenotyping procedures, breeding for improved tofu quality is challenging. Therefore, our objective was to unravel the genetic architecture of traits relevant for tofu production in order to assess the potential of marker-assisted selection and genomic selection in breeding for these traits. To this end, we performed QTL mapping with 188 genotypes from a biparental mapping population. The population was evaluated in a two-location field trial, and tofu was produced in the laboratory to evaluate tofu quality. We identified QTL for all investigated agronomic and quality traits, each explaining between 6.40% and 27.55% of the genotypic variation, including the most important tofu quality traits, tofu yield and tofu hardness. Both traits showed a strong negative correlation ( = -0.65), and consequently a pleiotropic QTL on chromosome 10 was found with opposite effects on tofu hardness and tofu weight, highlighting the need to balance selection for both traits. Four QTL identified for tofu hardness jointly explained 68.7% of the genotypic variation and are possible targets for QTL stacking by marker-assisted selection. To exploit also small-effect QTL, genomic selection revealed moderate to high mean prediction accuracies for all traits, ranging from 0.47 to 0.78. In conclusion, inheritance of tofu quality traits is highly quantitative, and both marker-assisted selection and genomic selection present valuable tools to advance tofu quality by soybean breeding.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-024-01529-x.
豆腐是一种广受欢迎的大豆（Glycine max (L.) Merr.）食品，在亚洲有着悠久的传统，并且在全球范围内，包括中欧，越来越受欢迎。由于表型分析程序需要大量劳动力，因此改良豆腐品质的育种具有挑战性。因此，我们的目标是揭示与豆腐生产相关性状的遗传结构，以评估标记辅助选择和基因组选择在这些性状育种中的潜力。为此，我们对一个双亲作图群体中的188个基因型进行了QTL定位。该群体在两地田间试验中进行了评估，并在实验室中制作豆腐以评估豆腐品质。我们鉴定出了所有研究的农艺和品质性状的QTL，每个QTL解释了6.40%至27.55%的基因型变异，包括最重要的豆腐品质性状——豆腐产量和豆腐硬度。这两个性状呈现出强烈的负相关（r = -0.65），因此在10号染色体上发现了一个对豆腐硬度和豆腐重量有相反影响的多效QTL，这突出了平衡这两个性状选择的必要性。鉴定出的四个豆腐硬度QTL共同解释了68.7%的基因型变异，是通过标记辅助选择进行QTL累加的可能目标。为了利用效应较小的QTL，基因组选择显示所有性状的平均预测准确性从中等到高，范围为0.
