Grubb B R, DuVal G E, Morris J S, Bentley P J
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1985 Mar 15;77(3):444-50. doi: 10.1016/0041-008x(85)90184-x.
Subcutaneously administered Cd2+ (in vivo) was accumulated in the eyes of rabbits. The concentration was greatest in the iris-ciliary body, followed by the retina, cornea, and lens. It was also present in the vitreous humor, but was not detectable in the aqueous humor. Cd2+ in the bathing medium in vitro was toxic to the lens (tissues gained Na and lost K) at 10(-3) M, for 24 hr incubation, or 10(-5) M, for 7 days. Cadmium-109 was gradually accumulated by the lens in vitro (the process may be saturable), but with 10(-7) M Cd in the medium (similar to the vitreous in Cd-treated rabbits) 100 times less was taken up in 24 hr than in the 28-day in vivo experiments. Cadmium-109 in vitro was almost confined to the outer 30 to 50% of the lens tissue. Cadmium-109 was able to reenter the bathing medium, and its efflux was not changed by the presence of external Cd, suggesting that substantial specific binding was not occurring. Efflux could be reduced by lanthanum so that it may follow pathways similar to those used by Ca and Zn.
皮下注射的镉离子（体内实验）在兔子眼中蓄积。虹膜睫状体中的浓度最高，其次是视网膜、角膜和晶状体。玻璃体液中也有镉离子，但房水中未检测到。体外培养介质中的镉离子在浓度为10⁻³ M、孵育24小时或浓度为10⁻⁵ M、孵育7天时对晶状体有毒性（组织摄取钠并丢失钾）。镉 - 109在体外逐渐被晶状体蓄积（该过程可能具有饱和性），但当培养基中镉离子浓度为10⁻⁷ M（类似于镉处理兔子的玻璃体液中的浓度）时，24小时内摄取量比28天的体内实验少100倍。体外的镉 - 109几乎局限于晶状体组织外层的30%至50%。镉 - 109能够重新进入培养介质，其流出不受外部镉离子存在的影响，这表明没有发生大量特异性结合。镧可以减少镉的流出，因此其途径可能与钙和锌的途径相似。
