Hamed Amany M, Elbahy Dalia A, Ahmed Ahmed Rh, Thabet Shymaa A, Refaei Rasha Abdeen, Ragab Islam, Elmahdy Safaa Mohammed, Osman Ahmed S, Abouelella Azza Ma
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.
Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.
Heliyon. 2024 Dec 6;10(24):e41043. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e41043. eCollection 2024 Dec 30.
Insulin resistance is a primary feature of type 2 diabetes. This study compared the effects of curcumin and its nanoformulation on insulin resistance, fasting blood sugar, liver function, GLUT4, lipid profile, and oxidative stress in the liver and pancreas in a diabetic model.
Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: a control group, a diabetic group, a diabetic group treated with metformin (40 mg/kg), a diabetic group treated with curcumin (100 mg/kg), and a diabetic group treated with curcumin NPs (100 mg/kg). Diabetes was induced by injecting dexamethasone daily for 14 days. Treatment with curcumin and curcumin NPs was administered by gavage for 14 days. Body weight and fasting blood sugar levels were measured on days 1, 14, and 28.
The metformin, curcumin, and curcumin NPs groups showed significantly greater body weight gain than the untreated diabetic group (P < 0.001). In diabetic rats treated with curcumin and curcumin NPs, insulin resistance decreased by approximately 40 %, while fasting blood sugar levels dropped by 35-40 % (P < 0.001). The levels of liver enzymes (AST, ALT), cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and the oxidative stress marker MDA in liver and pancreatic tissues were reduced by 30-50 %. Additionally, beneficial markers such as albumin, HDL, antioxidants (GSH, SOD), and GLUT4 levels were increased by 25-45 % (P < 0.001). Nano-curcumin consistently showed greater improvements than curcumin, especially in reducing oxidative stress and supporting liver and pancreatic health.
This study demonstrates that curcumin NPs has a superior effect on reducing oxidative stress and improving metabolic parameters in diabetes compared to curcumin. by enhancing the bioavailability and stability of curcumin, the nanoformulation showed stronger therapeutic potential for managing high blood sugar, cholesterol issues, and liver health, positioning curcumin NPs as a promising alternative to conventional treatments for diabetes and its complications.
胰岛素抵抗是2型糖尿病的主要特征。本研究比较了姜黄素及其纳米制剂对糖尿病模型中胰岛素抵抗、空腹血糖、肝功能、葡萄糖转运蛋白4（GLUT4）、血脂谱以及肝脏和胰腺氧化应激的影响。
将30只雄性Wistar大鼠分为五组：对照组、糖尿病组、用二甲双胍（40毫克/千克）治疗的糖尿病组、用姜黄素（100毫克/千克）治疗的糖尿病组和用姜黄素纳米颗粒（100毫克/千克）治疗的糖尿病组。通过连续14天每天注射地塞米松诱导糖尿病。用姜黄素和姜黄素纳米颗粒进行灌胃治疗14天。在第1天、第14天和第28天测量体重和空腹血糖水平。
二甲双胍、姜黄素和姜黄素纳米颗粒组的体重增加显著高于未治疗的糖尿病组（P<0.001）。在用姜黄素和姜黄素纳米颗粒治疗的糖尿病大鼠中，胰岛素抵抗降低了约40%，而空腹血糖水平下降了35 - 40%（P<0.001）。肝脏和胰腺组织中的肝酶（天冬氨酸转氨酶、丙氨酸转氨酶）、胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白以及氧化应激标志物丙二醛水平降低了30 - 50%。此外，有益标志物如白蛋白、高密度脂蛋白、抗氧化剂（谷胱甘肽、超氧化物歧化酶）和GLUT4水平增加了25 - 45%（P<0.001）。纳米姜黄素始终显示出比姜黄素更大的改善效果，尤其是在降低氧化应激和支持肝脏及胰腺健康方面。
本研究表明，与姜黄素相比，姜黄素纳米颗粒在降低糖尿病氧化应激和改善代谢参数方面具有更优效果。通过提高姜黄素的生物利用度和稳定性，该纳米制剂在控制高血糖、胆固醇问题和肝脏健康方面显示出更强的治疗潜力，使姜黄素纳米颗粒成为糖尿病及其并发症传统治疗方法的有前景的替代方案。
