Ahmed Amgad, Mustafa Mazin
Emergency Medicine, Dubai Hospital, Dubai, ARE.
Emergency Medicine, Zayed Military Hospital, Abu Dhabi, ARE.
Cureus. 2024 Dec 3;16(12):e75068. doi: 10.7759/cureus.75068. eCollection 2024 Dec.
Precision medicine, which customizes healthcare based on individual genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors, has significantly advanced various medical fields. However, its adoption in emergency medicine remains limited despite the potential to enhance patient outcomes through more accurate diagnostics and personalized treatments. This systematic review examined current evidence on the application of precision medicine in emergency care by analyzing studies published between 2010 and 2024. Out of 218 records, 10 studies met the inclusion criteria, highlighting areas such as genomic applications, machine learning, point-of-care diagnostics, and biomarkers. The findings indicate that precision medicine can improve diagnostic accuracy and personalize patient care in emergency settings, although challenges such as time constraints, technological limitations, and the need for enhanced clinician training remain. Overcoming these barriers through interdisciplinary collaboration, investment in rapid diagnostic technologies, and comprehensive education programs is essential for effectively integrating precision medicine into emergency care. Ultimately, advancing precision emergency medicine holds promise for transforming emergency care into a more personalized and effective practice, thereby improving patient outcomes in acute situations.
精准医学根据个体的基因、环境和生活方式因素定制医疗保健，显著推动了各个医学领域的发展。然而，尽管精准医学有潜力通过更准确的诊断和个性化治疗来改善患者预后，但它在急诊医学中的应用仍然有限。本系统综述通过分析2010年至2024年发表的研究，审视了精准医学在急诊护理中应用的当前证据。在218条记录中，有10项研究符合纳入标准，突出了基因组应用、机器学习、床旁诊断和生物标志物等领域。研究结果表明，精准医学可以提高急诊环境中的诊断准确性并实现患者护理的个性化，尽管时间限制、技术局限以及对临床医生加强培训的需求等挑战依然存在。通过跨学科合作、投资快速诊断技术以及开展全面的教育项目来克服这些障碍，对于将精准医学有效整合到急诊护理中至关重要。最终，推进精准急诊医学有望将急诊护理转变为更个性化、更有效的实践，从而改善急性情况下的患者预后。
