Gutiérrez-López Rafael, Ruiz-López María José, Ledesma Juan, Magallanes Sergio, Nieto Cristina, Ruiz Santiago, Sanchez-Peña Carolina, Ameyugo Ulises, Camacho Juan, Varona Sarai, Cuesta Isabel, Jado-García Isabel, Sanchez-Seco María Paz, Figuerola Jordi, Vázquez Ana
Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, 28220 Madrid, Spain.
CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
One Health. 2024 Nov 30;20:100947. doi: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100947. eCollection 2025 Jun.
Sindbis virus (SINV), is an of the family . This zoonotic arbovirus is transmitted by mosquitoes, primarily from the genus, with bird species acting as amplifying vertebrate hosts. Occasionally it can also affect humans that are accidental hosts. SINV genotype I (SINV-I) has been isolated in mosquitoes and birds in South Africa and Northern Europe, producing fever outbreaks. In the last decades, there were several detections of SINV in Europe. In 2022, during the West Nile virus (WNV) mosquito surveillance program in Andalucía (Spain) implemented by the regional health administration, we detected the presence of both SINV and WNV in a pool, representing the first detection of SINV in Spain. After this finding, we screened 1149 mosquito pools to determine the status of SINV circulation in western Andalucía. We identified for the first time the presence of SINV in five different mosquito species. presented the highest infection rate by SINV. In addition, SINV was geographically widespread and distributed in four out of the five Andalucía's provinces studied, with Cadiz presenting the highest infection rate. All SINV genomes from Southwestern Spain characterised in this study belonged to SINV-I, previously detected in Europe and Africa. These isolated SINV-I strains presented low molecular variation among them and in the phylogenomic analyses they formed a monophyletic group that clustered with strains from Algeria and Kenya. These results suggest that, around 2017, a single new SINV introduction into the European continent occurred, probably from Northern (Algeria) or Central Africa.
辛德毕斯病毒（SINV）是 科的一种病毒。这种人畜共患虫媒病毒由蚊子传播，主要是 属的蚊子，鸟类作为放大脊椎动物宿主。偶尔它也会感染作为意外宿主的人类。辛德毕斯病毒基因型I（SINV-I）已在南非和北欧的蚊子和鸟类中分离出来，引发了发热疫情。在过去几十年里，欧洲多次检测到辛德毕斯病毒。2022年，在西班牙安达卢西亚地区卫生管理部门实施的西尼罗河病毒（WNV）蚊子监测项目中，我们在一个 蚊池中检测到了辛德毕斯病毒和西尼罗河病毒的存在，这是西班牙首次检测到辛德毕斯病毒。这一发现之后，我们对1149个蚊池进行了筛查，以确定辛德毕斯病毒在安达卢西亚西部的传播情况。我们首次在五种不同的蚊子物种中发现了辛德毕斯病毒。 呈现出最高的辛德毕斯病毒感染率。此外，辛德毕斯病毒在地理上广泛分布，在所研究的安达卢西亚五个省份中的四个省份都有发现，加的斯的感染率最高。本研究中表征的西班牙西南部所有辛德毕斯病毒基因组都属于SINV-I，此前在欧洲和非洲都有检测到。这些分离出的SINV-I毒株之间分子变异较低，在系统基因组分析中，它们形成了一个单系群，与来自阿尔及利亚和肯尼亚的毒株聚类。这些结果表明，大约在2017年，欧洲大陆发生了一次单一的新辛德毕斯病毒引入事件，可能来自北非（阿尔及利亚）或中非。
