Zailani Halliru, Satyanarayanan Senthil Kumaran, Liao Wei-Chih, Su Kuan-Pin, Chang Jane Pei-Chen
Mind-Body Interface Research Center (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
Graduate Institute of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Curr Nutr Rep. 2025 Jan 6;14(1):12. doi: 10.1007/s13668-024-00599-9.
Mounting evidence indicates that individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) face a heightened risk of severe outcomes upon contracting coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Current medications for COVID-19 often carry side effects, necessitating alternative therapies with improved tolerance. This review explores the biological mechanisms rendering COPD patients more susceptible to severe COVID-19 and investigates the potential of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) in mitigating the severity of COVID-19 in COPD patients.
Current evidence indicates that COPD patients are at an increased risk of severe COVID-19 due to factors including compromised pulmonary function, dysregulated inflammation, weakened immune response, increased oxidative stress, elevated expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2) receptors in the lungs, and genetic predispositions. Remarkably, n-3 PUFAs exhibit the potential in ameliorating the clinical outcomes of COPD patients with COVID-19 by modulating inflammation, reinforcing the body's antioxidant defenses, reducing viral entry and replication, and enhancing immunity. N-3 PUFAs hold potential for improving COVID-19 outcomes in patients with COPD. However, there has been limited investigation into the therapeutic effects of n-3 PUFAs in enhancing clinical outcomes for COPD patients. Rigorous clinical studies are essential to evaluate the impact of n-3 PUFAs on COPD patients with concurrent COVID-19 infection.
越来越多的证据表明，慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者感染2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）后出现严重后果的风险更高。目前用于治疗COVID-19的药物常常有副作用，因此需要耐受性更好的替代疗法。本综述探讨了使COPD患者更易患重症COVID-19的生物学机制，并研究了ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸（n-3 PUFAs）减轻COPD患者COVID-19严重程度的潜力。
目前的证据表明，由于包括肺功能受损、炎症失调、免疫反应减弱、氧化应激增加、肺部血管紧张素转换酶（ACE2）受体表达升高以及遗传易感性等因素，COPD患者患重症COVID-19的风险增加。值得注意的是，n-3 PUFAs具有通过调节炎症、增强机体抗氧化防御、减少病毒进入和复制以及增强免疫力来改善患有COVID-19的COPD患者临床结局的潜力。n-3 PUFAs在改善COPD患者COVID-19结局方面具有潜力。然而，关于n-3 PUFAs对提高COPD患者临床结局的治疗效果的研究有限。严谨的临床研究对于评估n-3 PUFAs对合并COVID-19感染的COPD患者的影响至关重要。
