身体活动、幸福感和心理健康方面的年龄相关差异：来自伊朗的证据。
Age-related variations in physical activity, happiness, and psychological well-being: Evidence from Iran.
作者信息
VaezMousavi Mohammad, Carneiro Lara, Shams Amir, Abbasi Hamed, Dehkordi Parvaneh Shamsipour, Bayati Mahdi, Nobari Hadi
机构信息
Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran.
Physical Education Department, College of Education, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2025 Jan 6;20(1):e0314202. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0314202. eCollection 2025.
BACKGROUND
Physical activity (PA) is associated with higher levels of PWB and happiness. The high prevalence of physical inactivity among the Iranian population is concerning. Moreover, according to the Happiness Report 2024, Iran is ranked 100th out of 143 countries. Thus, this research aimed to study the PWB, happiness, and PA in Iranian age groups.
METHODS
The study sampled 1,050 participants, equally divided into young, middle-aged, and elderly groups, using randomized cluster sampling from urban areas across five geographic regions in Iran. The study utilized four questionnaires: a Demographic Information Questionnaire, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Ryff's Scales of PWB (18-item form), and the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ). Descriptive statistics were used for summarizing data, and inferential analyses included Pearson's correlation coefficient, one-way ANOVA, the Bonferroni test, and multivariate regression, all with a significance level set at P<0.05.
RESULTS
Middle-aged individuals had the highest PA (1015.69±730.63 MET-minutes per week) and reported the highest happiness (111.97±24.08) and PWB (63.75±11.17) levels. The elderly had the lowest levels of PA (677.78±592.50 MET-minutes per week), happiness (107.63±24.01), and PWB (60.05±10.02). Statistical tests showed significant differences in PA, happiness, and PWB between the age groups (P<0.05), with no significant difference between young and elderly in PA (P>0.05). Physical activity positively correlated with happiness and PWB, especially in the elderly. Multivariate regression revealed that PA significantly predicts happiness (F = 30.993, t = 6.96, B = 0.211) and PWB (F = 86.85, t = 9.32, B = 0.004), explaining 4.4% and 8.0% of their variances, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
The study concludes that increasing PA enhances happiness and PWB. Practical applications include promoting PA to improve mental health and PWB. Future research should investigate the effects of specific types of PA and explore longitudinal impacts on PWB to provide a deeper understanding of these relationships.
背景
身体活动（PA）与更高水平的生活幸福感（PWB）和幸福感相关。伊朗人群中身体活动不足的高患病率令人担忧。此外，根据《2024年幸福报告》，伊朗在143个国家中排名第100位。因此，本研究旨在探讨伊朗不同年龄组的生活幸福感、幸福感和身体活动情况。
方法
本研究采用随机整群抽样方法，从伊朗五个地理区域的城市地区抽取了1050名参与者，平均分为青年、中年和老年组。该研究使用了四份问卷：一份人口信息问卷、国际身体活动问卷（IPAQ）、Ryff生活幸福感量表（18项形式）和牛津幸福感问卷（OHQ）。描述性统计用于汇总数据，推断性分析包括Pearson相关系数、单因素方差分析、Bonferroni检验和多元回归，所有分析的显著性水平均设定为P<0.05。
结果
中年人的身体活动水平最高（每周1015.69±730.63代谢当量分钟），报告的幸福感（111.97±24.08）和生活幸福感水平（63.75±11.17）也最高。老年人的身体活动水平、幸福感（107.63±24.01）和生活幸福感水平（60.05±10.02）最低。统计检验显示不同年龄组之间的身体活动、幸福感和生活幸福感存在显著差异（P<0.05），青年人和老年人在身体活动方面无显著差异（P>0.05）。身体活动与幸福感和生活幸福感呈正相关，尤其是在老年人中。多元回归分析表明，身体活动显著预测幸福感（F = 30.993，t = 6.96，B = 0.211）和生活幸福感（F = 86.85，t = 9.32，B = 0.004），分别解释了它们方差的4.4%和8.0%。
结论
该研究得出结论，增加身体活动可提高幸福感和生活幸福感。实际应用包括推广身体活动以改善心理健康和生活幸福感。未来的研究应调查特定类型身体活动的影响，并探索对生活幸福感的纵向影响，以更深入地理解这些关系。
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