Shahzadi Hira, Khan Shahbaz, Al-Hashimi Abdulrahman, Basra Shahzad M A, Mehmood Kashf, Wahid Muhammad Ashfaq, Nawaz Muhammad, Irshad Sohail, Haseeb Abdul, Rais Afroz, Gul Safia, Ibrar Danish, Dwiningsih Yheni
Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Colorado Water Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
BMC Plant Biol. 2025 Jan 7;25(1):22. doi: 10.1186/s12870-024-05960-2.
Foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) is nutritionally superior to other cereals of the family Poaceae, with the potential to perform better in marginal environments. In the present context of climate change, ecologically sound and low-input foxtail millet varieties can be chosen for agricultural sustainability. The planned research was carried out at the green house of the Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan, to investigate the impact of various levels of NPK fertilizer on the growth, development, and yield of foxtail millet lines from USDA germplasm. Eight lines of foxtail millet; U2, V19, V73, V93, V101, V106, V107, and V111, were under study along with NPK fertilizers' treatments; T = 000 NPK as a control, T = 20:15:15 NPK, T = 30:20:20 NPK, T = 40:25:25 NPK, and T = 50:30:30 NPK (kg ha). NPK treatments were applied twice during the study periods: first dose was applied after one week of the emergence of seedlings and the second dose was applied at the age of four weeks of seedlings. The time to 50% emergence ranged from 4.33 (V111) to 5.92 (U2) days, and the emergence was highest in V111 (10.02), and V19 had the lowest emergence index of 4.95. Furthermore, all genotypes achieved a complete final emergence percentage of 100, except U2 (92.89%) and V19 (89.33%). The highest growth rate and assimilation rate were observed in V111 and V107 under the impact of treatment 5. Among the different treatments, T resulted in the maximum plant height, panicle length, and grain yield per panicle. The highest panicle weight and grain yield per panicle were observed in line V106. Line V107 synthesized the highest chlorophyll a while V93 produced highest chlorophyll b contents which is statistically similar toV19. Line V19 had the highest total chlorophyll and V93 produced the highest carotenoid contents. Application of NPK at the rate of 50:30:30 kg ha produced maximum chlorophyll a (23%), b (15.8%), total chlorophyll contents (14.2%), plant fresh biomass (2.06%), and grain yield (23.6%) as compared to control treatment. Overall, T (30:20:20) and T (50:30:30) were observed to be better as compared to other treatments. With respect to growth, yield, and chlorophyll contents, lines U2, V19, V93, V106, V107, and V111 were observed to be potentially superior.
谷子（Setaria italica L.）在营养方面优于禾本科的其他谷物，在边缘环境中具有更好的生长潜力。在当前气候变化的背景下，为实现农业可持续发展，可选择生态友好型且低投入的谷子品种。本计划研究在巴基斯坦费萨拉巴德农业大学农学系温室进行，旨在探究不同水平氮磷钾肥料对源自美国农业部种质的谷子品系生长、发育及产量的影响。研究了8个谷子品系，即U2、V19、V73、V93、V101、V106、V107和V111，同时设置了氮磷钾肥料处理；T = 000 NPK作为对照，T = 20:15:15 NPK，T = 30:20:20 NPK，T = 40:25:25 NPK，以及T = 50:30:30 NPK（千克/公顷）。在研究期间分两次施用氮磷钾处理：第一剂在幼苗出土一周后施用，第二剂在幼苗四周龄时施用。达到50%出苗所需时间为4.33天（V111）至5.92天（U2），V111的出苗率最高（10.02），V19的出苗指数最低，为4.95。此外，除U2（92.89%）和V19（89.33%）外，所有基因型的最终出苗率均达到100%。在处理5的影响下，V111和V107的生长速率和同化率最高。在不同处理中，T处理的株高、穗长和每穗粒产量最高。V106品系的穗重和每穗粒产量最高。V107合成的叶绿素a含量最高，而V93产生的叶绿素b含量最高，这在统计学上与V19相似。V19的总叶绿素含量最高，V93产生的类胡萝卜素含量最高。与对照处理相比，以50:30:30千克/公顷的比例施用氮磷钾可使叶绿素a含量最高（23%）、叶绿素b含量最高（15.8%）、总叶绿素含量最高（14.2%）、植株鲜生物量最高（2.06%）以及籽粒产量最高（23.6%）。总体而言，与其他处理相比，T（30:20:20）和T（50:30:30）表现更好。在生长、产量和叶绿素含量方面，U2、V19、V93、V106、V107和V111品系被认为具有潜在优势。
