Cabieses Baltica, Velázquez Benelli, Blukacz Alice, Farante Sofia, Bojórquez Ietza, Mezones-Holguín Edward
Centro de Salud Global Intercultural, ICIM, Universidad del Desarrollo, Chile, Avenida Plaza 680 Edificio O ICIM UDD, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile.
Department of Health Sciences, University of York, England, Seebohm Rowntree Building, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
Lancet Reg Health Am. 2023 Jun 20;40:100538. doi: 10.1016/j.lana.2023.100538. eCollection 2024 Dec.
Gender is a sociocultural construct that assigns forms of behaviour, power, and roles to individuals based on their sexual differentiation. There are multiple gender approaches that help distinguish risks, health conditions and behaviours related to the body, health-disease processes, and differential opportunities to access health care. Based on a scoping review of scientific and grey literature in LAC, we discuss existing understandings of international migrants' health in LAC with a focus on gender approaches. Our discussion covers the following seven dimensions: gender-based violence, sexual and reproductive health, sexually transmitted diseases, mental health, barriers to healthcare services, and emerging patterns of health and healthcare among men and LGBTIQA+. The evidence indicates the urgent need to adopt gender approaches when addressing migrant and refugee health in LAC. Including gender approaches into ongoing strategies for promoting and protecting the health and rights of migrants and refugees is a pending challenge in the region.
性别是一种社会文化建构，它根据个体的性别差异为其赋予行为形式、权力和角色。有多种性别视角有助于区分与身体、健康疾病过程以及获得医疗保健的不同机会相关的风险、健康状况和行为。基于对拉丁美洲和加勒比地区科学文献及灰色文献的范围审查，我们讨论了该地区对国际移民健康的现有理解，重点关注性别视角。我们的讨论涵盖以下七个方面：基于性别的暴力、性与生殖健康、性传播疾病、心理健康、医疗服务障碍以及男性和性少数群体（LGBTIQA+）的健康与医疗新趋势。证据表明，在解决拉丁美洲和加勒比地区移民和难民健康问题时，迫切需要采用性别视角。将性别视角纳入促进和保护移民及难民健康与权利的现行战略是该地区一项有待解决的挑战。
