Odum Amy L, Willis-Moore Mariah E, Callister Kiernan T, Haynes Jeremy M, Frye Charles C J, Scribner Lucy N, Legaspi David N, Da Silva Daniel Santos, Olsen Aaron L, Truscott Tadd T, Alden Preston T, Bevins Rick A, Leventhal Adam M, Lee Stephen T, Gomer Brenna, Benninghoff Abby D
Utah State University.
Temple University.
bioRxiv. 2025 Feb 4:2024.12.21.629932. doi: 10.1101/2024.12.21.629932.
Tobacco use is the leading cause of death globally and in the U.S. After decades of decline, driven by decreases in combusted tobacco use, nicotine product use has increased due to Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems, also known as e-cigarettes or vapes. Preclinical models of nicotine self-administration can serve as important lodestars in the search for effective intervention and prevention tactics. Current variants of the task have substantial limitations, however. Therefore, we created the Rodent Electronic Nicotine Delivery System, a novel low-cost non-proprietary nose-only preclinical model of nicotine aerosol self-administration. We confirmed that RENDS sequesters nicotine aerosol in the nose port by measuring fine particulate matter (PM < 2.5 microns) generated by e-cigarettes. We also showed that rats robustly self-administer flavored nicotine aerosol, resulting in high blood levels of cotinine (the major nicotine metabolite) and spontaneous somatic withdrawal symptoms. Thus, we provide strong validation of the operation and function of the RENDS, opening the door to an open-source preclinical aerosol model of nicotine self-administration that is relatively low cost. Four existing operant chambers can be retrofitted with the RENDS for less than $325/chamber. All RENDS diagrams and plans for custom designed components are on Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/x2pqf/?view_only=775b55435b8e428f98e6da384ef7889d).
吸烟是全球和美国的主要死因。在燃烧烟草使用量下降的推动下，经过几十年的下降后，由于电子尼古丁传送系统（也称为电子烟或汽化烟）的出现，尼古丁产品的使用有所增加。尼古丁自我给药的临床前模型可以作为寻找有效干预和预防策略的重要指南。然而，当前该任务的变体存在很大局限性。因此，我们创建了啮齿动物电子尼古丁传送系统（RENDS），这是一种新型的低成本非专利的仅通过鼻腔给药的尼古丁气雾剂自我给药临床前模型。我们通过测量电子烟产生的细颗粒物（PM<2.5微米），证实了RENDS可将尼古丁气雾剂隔离在鼻端口。我们还表明，大鼠能有力地自我给药调味尼古丁气雾剂，导致血液中可替宁（主要的尼古丁代谢物）水平升高和出现自发的躯体戒断症状。因此，我们对RENDS的操作和功能进行了有力验证，为一种相对低成本的开源尼古丁自我给药临床前气雾剂模型打开了大门。四个现有的操作性条件反射箱可以用RENDS进行改造，每个箱子的成本不到325美元。所有RENDS的示意图和定制设计部件的计划都在开放科学框架（https://osf.io/x2pqf/?view_only=775b55435b8e428f98e6da384ef7889d）上。
