Mohl Alexander, Pongratz Janis, Muxel Selina, Berger Manuel, Berr Michael, Schneider Bastian, Schlichting-Knoob Anna, Platz Ulrich, Dorwarth Uwe, Rogowski Sebastian, Hoffmann Ellen, Straube Florian
Department of Cardiology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Heart Center Munich-Bogenhausen Munich Municipal Hospital Group, Munich, Germany.
Department of Cardiology, Cardio Centrum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Front Cardiovasc Med. 2024 Dec 23;11:1461028. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1461028. eCollection 2024.
The occurrence of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in competitive athletes has led to a discussion about appropriate preparticipation screening models. The role of an electrocardiogram (ECG) in routine testing remains controversial in current guidelines. Furthermore, data on cardiac findings and the prognostic utility of screening strategies in young female elite ice hockey is scarce.
Female elite ice hockey players were enrolled in the open prospective "General Evaluation Program for Arrhythmia-Related Death in Athletes" (GEPARD) registry from 2008 to 2018. A staged preparticipation screening was performed. The main goal was to determine the prevalence of SCD conditions and identify effective screening tools. The secondary aim was to study baseline results and follow-ups on a unique subgroup of young female ice hockey players.
A total of 88 female ice hockey players, mean age 16 ± 1 years, were prospectively enrolled. The prevalence of conditions potentially leading to SCD during competition was 3.4% (3/88). The 12-lead ECG led to the diagnosis of one congenital long QT and one acute myocarditis and showed a number needed to screen of 44, with a specificity of 98%. One athlete demonstrated a relevant pericardial effusion on echocardiography, which was related to acute toxoplasmosis. No cases of SCD occurred during long-term follow-up.
The subgroup of young female ice hockey players showed a notable prevalence of athletes "at risk" of 3.4%, which indicates the importance of preparticipation screening that features a 12-lead ECG as the most important component.
竞技运动员心源性猝死（SCD）的发生引发了关于适当的赛前筛查模式的讨论。在当前指南中，心电图（ECG）在常规检测中的作用仍存在争议。此外，关于年轻女性精英冰球运动员心脏检查结果及筛查策略预后效用的数据稀缺。
2008年至2018年，女性精英冰球运动员被纳入开放性前瞻性“运动员心律失常相关死亡综合评估项目”（GEPARD）登记处。进行了分阶段的赛前筛查。主要目标是确定SCD相关病症的患病率并识别有效的筛查工具。次要目标是研究年轻女性冰球运动员这一独特亚组的基线结果及随访情况。
共有88名平均年龄为16±1岁的女性冰球运动员被前瞻性纳入研究。比赛期间可能导致SCD的病症患病率为3.4%（3/88）。12导联心电图诊断出1例先天性长QT综合征和1例急性心肌炎，筛查所需人数为44，特异性为98%。1名运动员经超声心动图检查显示有相关的心包积液，这与急性弓形虫病有关。长期随访期间未发生SCD病例。
年轻女性冰球运动员亚组中“有风险”运动员的患病率达3.4%，这表明以12导联心电图为最重要组成部分的赛前筛查很重要。
