Department of Sport Medicine and Medical Rehabilitation, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
High Performance Sport Laboratory, Moscow Witte University, Moscow, Russia.
J Strength Cond Res. 2020 Sep;34(9):2522-2527. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003687.
Bezuglov, E, Shvets, E, Lyubushkina, A, Lazarev, A, Valova, Y, Zholinsky, A, and Waśkiewicz, Z. Relative age effect in Russian elite hockey. J Strength Cond Res 34(9): 2522-2527, 2020-A considerable amount of literature has been published on relative age effect (RAE) in many sports; however, only a few studies have investigated this phenomenon in European elite ice hockey. The objective of this research was to study RAE prevalence in Russian elite ice hockey, which for years has been holding leading positions in global ice hockey. To estimate RAE prevalence, birthdates of recruits of leading ice hockey academies, players of the leading junior and adult teams, and most successful Russian-born National Hockey League (worlds' strongest ice hockey league) players were identified (n = 2,285). A high prevalence of RAE was identified. The number of players born in the first half of the year was higher than those born later in the year-65.5 and 34.5%, respectively. The RAE prevalence was high among all age groups of recruits of the leading Russian hockey academies and junior teams. In contrast to junior hockey, more players born in the fourth quarter of the year were identified in elite adult teams. The high prevalence of RAE in Russian hockey might be explained by the fact of a high level of competition among young players during recruitment to hockey academies. Moreover, the coaches aim to achieve immediate progress, thus selecting more mature players who are better physically developed. However, "later-born" are widely present in elite adult ice hockey leagues.
别日洛夫、什维茨、柳布什金娜、拉扎列夫、瓦洛娃、日林斯基和瓦什凯维奇研究了俄罗斯冰球的相对年龄效应。许多运动项目的相关文献都报道了相对年龄效应（RAE），但只有少数研究调查了欧洲精英冰球中的这种现象。本研究的目的是研究俄罗斯冰球精英中的 RAE 流行率，俄罗斯冰球多年来一直处于全球冰球的领先地位。为了估计 RAE 的流行率，确定了领先冰球学院的新兵、顶级青年和成年队的球员以及最成功的俄罗斯出生的国家冰球联盟（世界上最强的冰球联盟）球员的出生日期（n=2285）。研究发现，RAE 的流行率很高。上半年出生的球员人数高于下半年出生的球员，分别为 65.5%和 34.5%。在领先的俄罗斯冰球学院和青年队的所有新兵年龄组中，RAE 的流行率都很高。与青年冰球相比，在精英成年队中，更多的球员是在第四季度出生的。俄罗斯冰球中 RAE 的高流行率可能是由于在招募到冰球学院的年轻球员之间存在高水平的竞争。此外，教练的目标是取得立竿见影的进步，因此会选择身体发育更好、更成熟的球员。然而，“晚出生”的球员在精英成年冰球联赛中广泛存在。
