Albitar Marwa Ali, Burhan Ahmad S, Hajeer Mohammad Y, Aljabban Ossama, Ajaj Mowaffak A, Nawaya Fehmieh R, Zakaria Ahmad Salim
Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Damascus, Damascus, SYR.
Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Damascus, Damascus, SYR.
Cureus. 2025 Jan 6;17(1):e77021. doi: 10.7759/cureus.77021. eCollection 2025 Jan.
Soft tissue specifications and facial values vary depending on the underlying skeletal structures. To achieve the ideal treatment result and patient satisfaction, one must know the attractive soft tissue specifications compatible with each type of malocclusion. This study aims to analyze the facial measurements that contribute to perceived facial attractiveness in patients with vertical growth patterns and skeletal class I malocclusion, focusing on gender-specific differences.
A panel of 30 laypersons, including raters from both genders equally, aged 19-24 years, evaluated extraoral photographs taken before the treatment of 60 patients (evenly divided between males and females employing a disproportionate stratified sampling method through a computer-generated list) with skeletal class I malocclusion, vertical growth pattern based on the Bjork sum, aged 18-25 years (with an average age of 22 ± 1.53 years), with the photographs taken in three positions (frontal relaxed, frontal during a smile, and relaxed profile). The raters utilized the visual analog scale (VAS) to assign an esthetic quality score to each photograph. Based on the average esthetic scores of each photo, two groups were created: the most attractive group, which received the highest esthetic score, and the least attractive group, which received the lowest esthetic score. After selecting 12 patients for each group, the angles and proportions of the frontal and lateral photos were calculated, and the results were compared between the two groups using an independent-sample t-test to see any significant differences.
The most attractive females had a significantly lower value of mouth width to lower facial height than the least attractive females (P = 0.039). In addition, the most attractive males had a substantially greater value of facial convexity angle than the least attractive males (P = 0.041). Regarding other profile and frontal variables, no statistically significant differences existed between the most and least attractive males and females.
In patients with vertical growth pattern malocclusion, it is important to consider the chin protrusion of male patients during treatment planning and diagnosis because it enhances masculine features in these patients, as well as the lower facial height of female patients.
软组织特征和面部美观值会因 underlying 骨骼结构的不同而有所差异。为了实现理想的治疗效果并让患者满意，必须了解与每种错牙合类型相匹配的有吸引力的软组织特征。本研究旨在分析有助于垂直生长型和骨骼 I 类错牙合患者面部美观度的面部测量指标，重点关注性别差异。
一个由 30 名外行人组成的小组，包括男女评分者各半，年龄在 19 - 24 岁之间，对 60 名患者（通过计算机生成的列表采用不成比例分层抽样方法，男女均匀分配）治疗前拍摄的口外照片进行评估，这些患者为骨骼 I 类错牙合，基于比约克总和的垂直生长型，年龄在 18 - 25 岁之间（平均年龄为 22 ± 1.53 岁），照片拍摄于三个位置（正面放松、微笑时正面、放松侧面）。评分者使用视觉模拟量表（VAS）为每张照片赋予美学质量评分。根据每张照片的平均美学分数，创建了两组：美学分数最高的最具吸引力组和美学分数最低的最不具吸引力组。在为每组选择 12 名患者后，计算正面和侧面照片的角度和比例，并使用独立样本 t 检验比较两组结果，以查看是否存在任何显著差异。
最具吸引力的女性的口宽与面下高比值显著低于最不具吸引力的女性（P = 0.039）。此外，最具吸引力的男性的面部凸度角显著大于最不具吸引力的男性（P = 0.041）。关于其他侧面和正面变量，最具吸引力和最不具吸引力的男性与女性之间不存在统计学上的显著差异。
在垂直生长型错牙合患者中，在治疗计划和诊断过程中考虑男性患者的下巴前突很重要，因为这会增强这些患者的男性特征，同时也要考虑女性患者的面下高。
