Chen Yan, Ma Jun, Yong Yoong-Soon, Chen Yonggan, Chen Bing, Cao Junming, Peng Kai, Wang Guaxia, Huang Hai, Loh Jiun-Yan
Yazhou Bay Innovation Institute, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya 572024, China.
Hainan Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Tropical Marine Fishery Resources, Sanya 572004, China.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Dec 12;14(24):3596. doi: 10.3390/ani14243596.
This study examined the diversity and responses of intestinal microbiota in hybrid grouper ( ♀ × ♂) fed diets with varying levels of fishmeal replaced by black soldier fly larvae (BSFL). The 10% BSFL substitution (BSFL10) group showed the highest levels of trypsin and amylase. Substituting fishmeal with 30% and 50% BSFL weakened the intestinal wall, resulting in vacuoles, sparse striatal boundaries, and fewer villi. Microbiota diversity, measured through Shannon's index, was higher in the BSFL10 and BSFL50 groups than in the control. 16S rRNA amplicon data revealed the dominance of Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetota, and Verrucomicrobia phyla. The BSFL-replacement groups showed an increase in Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Spirochaetota compared to the control, but fewer Firmicutes. PICRUSt analysis indicated significant alterations in microbial function, particularly enhanced protein, carbohydrate, lipid, and energy metabolisms in the BSFL-fed group. Substituting 10% fishmeal with BSFL enhanced nutrient metabolism and gut microbiota in juvenile hybrid grouper. Further research is needed to explore factors affecting the efficacy of insect feed as a sustainable aquaculture diet.
本研究考察了用黑水虻幼虫（BSFL）替代不同水平鱼粉的饲料喂养杂交石斑鱼（♀×♂）时肠道微生物群的多样性和反应。10% BSFL替代（BSFL10）组的胰蛋白酶和淀粉酶水平最高。用30%和50%的BSFL替代鱼粉会削弱肠壁，导致空泡形成、纹状边界稀疏和绒毛减少。通过香农指数测量的微生物群多样性，在BSFL10组和BSFL50组中高于对照组。16S rRNA扩增子数据显示厚壁菌门、变形菌门、拟杆菌门、螺旋体门和疣微菌门占主导地位。与对照组相比，BSFL替代组的变形菌门、拟杆菌门和螺旋体门有所增加，但厚壁菌门较少。PICRUSt分析表明微生物功能发生了显著变化，特别是在喂食BSFL的组中蛋白质、碳水化合物、脂质和能量代谢增强。用BSFL替代10%的鱼粉可增强杂交石斑鱼幼鱼的营养代谢和肠道微生物群。需要进一步研究以探索影响昆虫饲料作为可持续水产养殖饲料效果的因素。
