Yang Changgeng, Jiang Ming, Lu Xin, Wen Hua
Life Science & Technology School, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524048, China.
Fish Nutrition and Feed Division, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Apr 5;11(4):1024. doi: 10.3390/ani11041024.
Dietary protein is one of the most important nutritional factors in aquaculture. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of dietary protein levels on the gut microbiome and the liver and serum levels of metabolites in tilapia. Tilapia were fed a diet with a low (20%), moderate (30%), or high (40%) content of crude protein, and the homeostasis of the gut microbiome and metabolic profile of the liver and serum were analyzed. The results showed no significant differences in the diversity and richness of the gut microbiome among the groups; however, there were differences in the microbial composition of the gut. The metabolome analysis of liver samples revealed a difference in the glucose level among the groups, with the highest glucose level in fish fed a high protein diet. In addition, there were significant differences in the levels of tyrosine, guanosine, and inosine among the metabolome analysis of serum samples of these groups. In summary, diets with different protein levels could affect the composition of gut microbiota and the dynamic balance of microbial communities. Dietary protein content can also affect glycolysis and amino acid metabolism in tilapia.
膳食蛋白质是水产养殖中最重要的营养因素之一。本研究的目的是研究膳食蛋白质水平对罗非鱼肠道微生物群以及肝脏和血清代谢物水平的影响。给罗非鱼投喂粗蛋白含量低（20%）、中（30%）或高（40%）的饲料，并分析肠道微生物群的稳态以及肝脏和血清的代谢谱。结果表明，各组之间肠道微生物群的多样性和丰富度没有显著差异；然而，肠道微生物组成存在差异。肝脏样本的代谢组分析显示各组之间葡萄糖水平存在差异，高蛋白饲料喂养的鱼葡萄糖水平最高。此外，这些组血清样本的代谢组分析中酪氨酸、鸟苷和肌苷水平存在显著差异。总之，不同蛋白质水平的饲料会影响肠道微生物群的组成和微生物群落的动态平衡。膳食蛋白质含量也会影响罗非鱼的糖酵解和氨基酸代谢。
