Szencziová Iveta, Gašparík Matúš, Ducháček Jaromír, Tóthová Tarová Eva, Nagy Melinda, Stádník Luděk, Mičiaková Mária, Codl Radim
Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, J. Selye University in Komárno, Bratislavská cesta 3322, 945 01 Komárno, Slovakia.
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Dec 14;14(24):3610. doi: 10.3390/ani14243610.
The study aimed to explore if milkability parameters could reliably predict the dimensions of teat structures and their milking-induced changes. Ultrasonography repeatedly measured the teat structures of 48 Holstein cows from mid to late lactation. We found that milking-induced changes in each structure are affected by different milkability parameters. Regression models for teat canal change and length change were significant, and variability was found to be 46.03% and 21.50%, respectively. Similarly, the teat structure's dimensions significantly affected milkability parameters, which differed for each structure. However, regression models only explained between 3.36% (teat length) and 7.59% (cistern) of variability. The prediction potential, performed based on milkability, is limited if the initial dimensions of structures are not provided. If teat dimensions were measured at the beginning of the production life, automatically collected milkability data could be used to calculate milking-induced changes incurred with each milking and the development of teat dimensions over the production life. If perfected, this tool could provide alerts about critical milking-induced changes and risky teat conformation traits, as they have a proven effect on udder health and are reliable indicators of milking effectiveness.
该研究旨在探讨泌乳性能参数是否能够可靠地预测乳头结构的尺寸及其在挤奶过程中引起的变化。超声检查反复测量了48头处于泌乳中期至后期的荷斯坦奶牛的乳头结构。我们发现，每次结构中由挤奶引起的变化受不同泌乳性能参数的影响。乳头管变化和长度变化的回归模型具有显著性，变异率分别为46.03%和21.50%。同样，乳头结构的尺寸也显著影响泌乳性能参数，且每种结构的影响各不相同。然而，回归模型仅解释了3.36%（乳头长度）至7.59%（乳池）的变异。如果不提供结构的初始尺寸，基于泌乳性能进行的预测潜力是有限的。如果在生产期开始时测量乳头尺寸，自动收集的泌乳性能数据可用于计算每次挤奶引起的变化以及整个生产期乳头尺寸的变化。如果加以完善，该工具可以提供有关关键的挤奶引起的变化和有风险的乳头形态特征的警报，因为它们已被证明对乳房健康有影响，并且是挤奶效率的可靠指标。
