Gašparík Matúš, Szencziová Iveta, Ducháček Jaromír, Tóthová Tarová Eva, Stádník Luděk, Nagy Melinda, Kejdová Rysová Lucie, Vrhel Marek, Legarová Veronika
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, J. Selye University in Komárno, Bratislavská cesta 3322, 945 01 Komárno, Slovakia.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Mar 17;13(6):1085. doi: 10.3390/ani13061085.
The study aimed to explore the relationship between teat structure dimensions and their short-term reaction to milking, to find the optimal dimensions of teat structures in relation to milking-induced teat tissue changes. Teat structures (teat length, canal length, thickness at barrel and apex, wall and cistern width) were measured by ultrasonography before and after milking for 38 Holstein cows at the beginning, middle, and end of lactation. We found that milking-induced changes in teat structures significantly depended on their pre-milking size. Furthermore, we observed that some teat structures and their changes were interconnected, and some did not affect each other. For example, changes in the barrel thickness and cistern width were affected by all structures, while the canal and apex did not influence each other. We deduced that more favorable changes were observed for teats of medium length, medium barrel and apex thickness, with teat canals of medium length, but with wider cisterns and thinner walls. The results of this study may help improve research in the area of milking-induced changes in teat morphology. Our findings could help understand potential health risks to animals in relation to teat morphology, milking equipment, and machine settings.
该研究旨在探讨乳头结构尺寸与其挤奶短期反应之间的关系，以找出与挤奶引起的乳头组织变化相关的乳头结构最佳尺寸。在泌乳期开始、中期和末期，对38头荷斯坦奶牛挤奶前后的乳头结构（乳头长度、乳管长度、乳头体和乳头尖厚度、乳头壁和乳池宽度）进行超声测量。我们发现，挤奶引起的乳头结构变化显著取决于挤奶前的尺寸。此外，我们观察到一些乳头结构及其变化相互关联，而有些则互不影响。例如，乳头体厚度和乳池宽度的变化受所有结构的影响，而乳管和乳头尖则互不影响。我们推断，中等长度、中等乳头体和乳头尖厚度、中等长度乳管、较宽乳池和较薄乳头壁的乳头观察到更有利的变化。本研究结果可能有助于改进挤奶引起的乳头形态变化领域的研究。我们的发现有助于了解与乳头形态、挤奶设备和机器设置相关的动物潜在健康风险。
