Villarroya Ana, Miranda Rafael, Pino-Del-Carpio Andrea, Casas María
Instituto de Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (BIOMA), Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Dec 19;14(24):3671. doi: 10.3390/ani14243671.
Zoos and aquariums attract millions of visitors around the world. At the same time, the functions they fulfill and the way they do that have been subject to scrutiny from different fields of knowledge. The way societies perceive animals has evolved in recent decades and so has the social perception of institutions that work with them. This scoping review aims to gather studies from the last three decades that shade light on how current societies perceive zoos and aquariums. We selected papers describing quantitative studies published in English in peer-reviewed journals. We reviewed 71 works from different fields of knowledge. The proportion of female authors was noticeably higher than in general science. Most studies were carried out in culturally Western countries, a fact that constitutes a gap in knowledge from a global perspective. We also noticed an underrepresentation of aquariums and of children in the analyzed papers, and a need for more pre-post studies to ascertain the effect of a zoo or aquarium on its visitors. These conclusions point out interesting directions for future studies to help scientists, managers, and citizens design the future of these institutions.
动物园和水族馆吸引着全球数百万游客。与此同时，它们所履行的功能以及履行这些功能的方式受到了不同知识领域的审视。近几十年来，社会对动物的认知发生了变化，对与动物打交道的机构的社会认知也发生了变化。这篇范围综述旨在收集过去三十年的研究，以阐明当代社会如何看待动物园和水族馆。我们选择了在同行评审期刊上发表的、用英语描述定量研究的论文。我们回顾了来自不同知识领域的71篇作品。女性作者的比例明显高于一般科学领域。大多数研究是在西方文化国家进行的，从全球角度来看，这一事实构成了知识上的差距。我们还注意到，在所分析的论文中，水族馆和儿童的代表性不足，并且需要更多的前后对照研究来确定动物园或水族馆对游客的影响。这些结论为未来的研究指出了有趣的方向，以帮助科学家、管理者和公民设计这些机构的未来。
