Pan Qinjian, Shen Junyu, Su Lvming, Nie Zexiang, Shikano Ikkei, Liu Tong-Xian, Chen Lin
Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225091, China.
College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225091, China.
Biology (Basel). 2024 Dec 11;13(12):1037. doi: 10.3390/biology13121037.
(Walker), a significant migratory pest in many Asian countries, can cause severe damage to wheat crops. Understanding whether wild oat can serve as an alternate host is important for informing predictive models of infestation levels in wheat fields and can improve pest and weed management strategies. We first conducted both choice and no-choice experiments and found that readily laid eggs on both wheat and wild oat, with no significant oviposition preference. However, newly hatched larvae exhibited a strong preference for wheat, with 53.34% more larvae feeding on wheat compared to wild oat. Development time from egg to adult emergence was significantly shorter in fed on wheat than on wild oat, although the durations of the larval and pupal stages varied depending on the host plant. Despite these differences in development time, host plants did not significantly affect larval survival, pupal weight, fecundity, and adult longevity. The mean number of eggs laid by females that fed on wheat and wild oat were 1202.12 and 1270.54 eggs/female, and larval survival rates were 81% and 84%, respectively. Our findings suggest that wild oat can serve as a suitable host for and may act as a refuge when wheat fields are treated with insecticides. The high larval preference for wheat over wild oat indicates that on wild oat may easily disperse to wheat, complicating pest control and highlighting the need to include wild oat in pest management strategies.
（沃克）是许多亚洲国家的一种重要迁飞性害虫，会对小麦作物造成严重损害。了解野燕麦是否能作为替代寄主对于完善麦田虫害水平预测模型很重要，并且可以改进害虫和杂草管理策略。我们首先进行了选择性和非选择性实验，发现其在小麦和野燕麦上都容易产卵，没有明显的产卵偏好。然而，新孵化的幼虫对小麦表现出强烈偏好，以小麦为食的幼虫比以野燕麦为食的幼虫多53.34%。从卵到成虫羽化的发育时间，以小麦为食的比以野燕麦为食的显著更短，尽管幼虫期和蛹期的时长因寄主植物而异。尽管发育时间存在这些差异，但寄主植物对幼虫存活率、蛹重、繁殖力和成虫寿命没有显著影响。以小麦和野燕麦为食的雌虫平均产卵数分别为1202.12粒/雌和1270.54粒/雌，幼虫存活率分别为81%和84%。我们的研究结果表明，野燕麦可以作为其合适的寄主，并且在麦田使用杀虫剂时可能充当避难所。幼虫对小麦的偏好高于野燕麦，这表明在野燕麦上的幼虫可能很容易扩散到小麦上，使害虫防治变得复杂，并突出了将野燕麦纳入害虫管理策略的必要性。
