Alshammari Bushra, Alrshedy Fatmah Awad, Alrasheeday Awatif M, Alkubati Sameer, Tlili Mohamed Ayoub, Aouicha Wiem, Dardouri Maha, Alshammari Sarah Basheer, Alanazi Hanan Qayyadh, Alshammari Teflah Saud, Alharbi Abdullah Ayad, Alreshidi Nashi Masnad, Alrashedi Hind Abdullah, Alshammari Nouf Shannan, Alshammari Farhan, Alshammari Afrah Madyan, Alruwaili Abeer Nuwayfi, Alshammari Sahar Maziad
Medical Surgical Nursing Department, College of Nursing, University of Hail, Hail 21424, Saudi Arabia.
Irada Mental Health Complex, Hail Health Cluster, Hail 21424, Saudi Arabia.
Healthcare (Basel). 2024 Dec 20;12(24):2570. doi: 10.3390/healthcare12242570.
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality globally. Myocardial infarction (MI), a major type of cardiovascular disease, presents long-term challenges for patients. Recognizing patients' perceived health needs and the factors that influence them is crucial for providing comprehensive care and improving outcomes.
This paper explores the perceived health needs, levels of depression, and social support among MI patients, as well as investigates the correlations between these factors.
A cross-sectional study was conducted at King Salman Specialist Hospital from March to June 2024, enrolling 244 MI patients through convenience sampling. Data collection was performed using the following three validated questionnaires: the Cardiac Patient Learning Needs Inventory (CPLNI) to assess the learning needs of MI patients, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) to evaluate depression levels, and the Oslo Social Support Scale (OSSS-3) to measure social support. Statistical analysis was carried out using IBM SPSS Statistics, Version 27.
Patients aged 40 years or older and those who were employed exhibited greater learning needs ( < 0.001). Female patients were more depressed than males ( = 0.008). Higher social support was reported by the female patients, those with a family history of MI, and those who were employed ( = 0.002, 0.002, and 0.003, respectively). The total mean score for perceived learning needs was 3.72, with the highest needs in "other pertinent information", "medication information", and "anatomy and physiology". Depression was indicated in 45.1% of MI patients, with significantly higher depression levels in female than in male patients. Additionally, a significant positive correlation was found between social support and perceived learning needs (r = 0.205, = 0.001), as well as a negative correlation between social support and depression (r = -0.441, < 0.001).
Addressing both the physical and psychological needs is essential for MI patients. Comprehensive educational programs and mental health support services are necessary for improving outcomes. Personalized patient education and routine depression screenings should be integrated into post-MI care. Future research should examine longitudinal changes in learning needs and mental health status.
心血管疾病是全球主要的死亡原因。心肌梗死（MI）作为心血管疾病的一种主要类型，给患者带来长期挑战。识别患者感知到的健康需求及其影响因素对于提供全面护理和改善治疗结果至关重要。
本文探讨心肌梗死患者感知到的健康需求、抑郁水平和社会支持情况，并研究这些因素之间的相关性。
2024年3月至6月在沙特国王萨勒曼专科医院开展了一项横断面研究，通过便利抽样纳入了244例心肌梗死患者。使用以下三份经过验证的问卷进行数据收集：心脏患者学习需求量表（CPLNI）评估心肌梗死患者的学习需求；患者健康问卷-9（PHQ-9）评估抑郁水平；奥斯陆社会支持量表（OSSS-3）测量社会支持。使用IBM SPSS Statistics 27版进行统计分析。
40岁及以上患者和在职患者表现出更大的学习需求（P<0.001）。女性患者比男性患者更抑郁（P = 0.008）。女性患者、有心肌梗死家族史的患者和在职患者报告的社会支持更高（分别为P = 0.002、0.002和0.003）。感知学习需求的总平均分是3.72，在“其他相关信息”“用药信息”和“解剖学与生理学”方面需求最高。45.1%的心肌梗死患者存在抑郁，女性患者的抑郁水平显著高于男性患者。此外，发现社会支持与感知学习需求之间存在显著正相关（r = 0.205，P = 0.001），社会支持与抑郁之间存在负相关（r = -0.441，P<0.001）。
满足心肌梗死患者的生理和心理需求至关重要。全面的教育项目和心理健康支持服务对于改善治疗结果是必要的。个性化患者教育和常规抑郁筛查应纳入心肌梗死后护理。未来研究应考察学习需求和心理健康状况的纵向变化。
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