Altrawy Afaf, Khalifa Maye M, Abdelmaksoud Asmaa, Khaled Yomna, Saleh Zeinab M, Sobhy Hager, Abdel-Ghany Shaimaa, Alqosaibi Amany, Al-Muhanna Afnan, Almulhim Jawaher, El-Hashash Ahmed, Sabit Hussein, Arneth Borros
Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza P. O. Box 77, Egypt.
Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza P. O. Box 77, Egypt.
Cancers (Basel). 2024 Dec 11;16(24):4132. doi: 10.3390/cancers16244132.
Breast cancer (BC), a major cause of death among women worldwide, has traditionally been linked to genetic and environmental factors. However, emerging research highlights the gut microbiome's significant role in shaping BC development, progression, and treatment outcomes. This review explores the intricate relationship between the gut microbiota and the breast tumor microenvironment, emphasizing how these microbes influence immune responses, inflammation, and metabolic pathways. Certain bacterial species in the gut either contribute to or hinder BC progression by producing metabolites that affect hormone metabolism, immune system pathways, and cellular signaling. An imbalance in gut bacteria, known as dysbiosis, has been associated with a heightened risk of BC, with metabolites like short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and enzymes such as β-glucuronidase playing key roles in this process. Additionally, the gut microbiota can impact the effectiveness of chemotherapy, as certain bacteria can degrade drugs like gemcitabine and irinotecan, leading to reduced treatment efficacy. Understanding the complex interactions between gut bacteria and BC may pave the way for innovative treatment approaches, including personalized microbiome-targeted therapies, such as probiotics and fecal microbiota transplants, offering new hope for more effective prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of BC.
乳腺癌（BC）是全球女性死亡的主要原因之一，传统上一直与遗传和环境因素有关。然而，新出现的研究强调了肠道微生物群在塑造乳腺癌的发生、发展和治疗结果方面的重要作用。这篇综述探讨了肠道微生物群与乳腺肿瘤微环境之间的复杂关系，强调了这些微生物如何影响免疫反应、炎症和代谢途径。肠道中的某些细菌物种通过产生影响激素代谢、免疫系统途径和细胞信号传导的代谢物，促进或阻碍乳腺癌的进展。肠道细菌的失衡，即生态失调，与乳腺癌风险增加有关，短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）等代谢物和β-葡萄糖醛酸酶等酶在这一过程中起关键作用。此外，肠道微生物群会影响化疗的效果，因为某些细菌会降解吉西他滨和伊立替康等药物，导致治疗效果降低。了解肠道细菌与乳腺癌之间的复杂相互作用可能为创新治疗方法铺平道路，包括个性化的微生物群靶向疗法，如益生菌和粪便微生物群移植，为更有效地预防、诊断和治疗乳腺癌带来新希望。
