Slawinska Anna, Dunisławska Aleksandra, Kowalczyk Artur, Łukaszewicz Ewa, Siwek Maria
Department of Animal Biotechnology and Genetics, Faculty of Animal Breeding and Biology, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, St. Mazowiecka 28, 85-084 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Szosa Bydgoska 13, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
Genes (Basel). 2024 Dec 9;15(12):1585. doi: 10.3390/genes15121585.
stimulation introduces bioactive compounds, such as prebiotics, probiotics, or synbiotics into incubating eggs to enhance gut health and immune system development in chickens. This study aimed to determine the genetic and environmental effects modulating responses to stimulation in commercial broilers and Green-legged Partridge-like (GP) native chickens.
Eggs were stimulated on day 12 of incubation with prebiotics (GOS-galactooligosaccharides), probiotics ( subsp. ), or synbiotics (GOS + ), with controls being mock-injected. Hatched chicks were reared in group pens and challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on day 42 post-hatching. Cecal tonsils (CT) and spleens were harvested 2 h post-challenge. RT-qPCR was used to analyze the relative gene expression of cytokine genes: IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p40, and IL-17.
The results show that genotype influenced the expression of all immune-related genes, with broiler chickens exhibiting stronger innate inflammatory responses than native chickens. LPS induced both mucosal (CT) and systemic (spleen) immune responses in broilers but only systemic (spleen) responses in native chickens.
stimulation had less of an impact on cytokine gene expression than LPS challenge. Broilers expressed higher inflammatory immune responses than GP native chickens.
刺激是指将生物活性化合物，如益生元、益生菌或合生元引入正在孵化的鸡蛋中，以促进鸡的肠道健康和免疫系统发育。本研究旨在确定调控商品肉鸡和绿脚麻鸡对刺激反应的遗传和环境效应。
在孵化第12天，用益生元（低聚半乳糖）、益生菌（亚种）或合生元（低聚半乳糖+）对鸡蛋进行刺激，对照组进行假注射。孵化出的雏鸡在群养围栏中饲养，并在孵化后第42天用脂多糖（LPS）进行攻毒。攻毒后2小时采集盲肠扁桃体（CT）和脾脏。采用RT-qPCR分析细胞因子基因IL-1β、IL-2、IL-4、IL-6、IL-10、IL-12p40和IL-17的相对基因表达。
结果表明，基因型影响所有免疫相关基因的表达，肉鸡表现出比本地鸡更强的先天性炎症反应。LPS诱导了肉鸡的黏膜（CT）和全身（脾脏）免疫反应，但仅诱导了本地鸡的全身（脾脏）免疫反应。
刺激对细胞因子基因表达的影响小于LPS攻毒。肉鸡比绿脚麻鸡表现出更高的炎症免疫反应。
