McCulloch Kate, Steele Yoshi, Gheorghiu Ana I
Department of Psychology, University of Suffolk, Ipswich IP4 1QJ, UK.
School of Psychology Sport and Health Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2UP, UK.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2024 Dec 16;14(12):1205. doi: 10.3390/bs14121205.
A trait labelled as "morality" has been argued to be perceived and prioritised during first impressions of faces; however, immorality is not a homogenous concept. Violations of purity are frequently distinguished from other violations via distinct behavioural and emotional patterns, arguably stemming from physical disgust, sexual content, or "weirdness" impure scenarios. In the current research, participants were asked to rate unfamiliar faces based on social traits and their likelihood of engaging in immoral or nonmoral behaviours. Across two studies, perceived engagement in most autonomy and purity moral violations but also the non-moral sexual and "weird" acts was predicted by lower facial morality. There was also a distinction wherein most purity violations and physical disgust were more associated with male gender, and most autonomy violations with ratings of high dominance. The scenarios also differed within categories, such as sexually impure scenarios and disgust associated with unattractive faces; while behaving "weirdly" and certain other purity violations were associated with low dominance. Taken together, our results suggest faces seemingly low on the trait labelled "morality" are perceived as more likely to engage in most immoral behaviours, but also in other socially relevant, nonmoral behaviours. Social judgements are also not homogenous within or between theory-based categories of moral violations.
一种被标记为“道德”的特质被认为在对面孔的第一印象中会被感知并被赋予优先级;然而,不道德并非一个同质化的概念。对纯洁性的违反通常通过独特的行为和情感模式与其他违反行为区分开来,这可以说是源于身体上的厌恶、性内容或“怪异”的不纯洁场景。在当前的研究中,参与者被要求根据社会特质以及他们从事不道德或非道德行为的可能性对不熟悉的面孔进行评分。在两项研究中,较低的面部道德感预示着人们认为其参与了大多数自主性和纯洁性道德违规行为,以及非道德的性行为和“怪异”行为。此外,还存在一种区别,即大多数纯洁性违规行为和身体厌恶感与男性性别关联更大,而大多数自主性违规行为与高支配力评分相关。这些场景在类别内部也存在差异,例如性方面不纯洁的场景以及与不吸引人的面孔相关的厌恶感;而表现“怪异”以及某些其他纯洁性违规行为与低支配力相关。综合来看,我们的结果表明,那些在被标记为“道德”的特质上看似较低的面孔,被认为更有可能参与大多数不道德行为,以及其他与社会相关的非道德行为。在基于理论的道德违规类别内部或之间,社会判断也并非同质化的。