Wang Ping, Okada-Rising Starlyn, Scultetus Anke H, Bailey Zachary S
Brain Trauma Neuroprotection, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA.
Biomedicines. 2024 Nov 26;12(12):2698. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12122698.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global public health concern. It remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. TBI pathology involves complex secondary injury cascades that are associated with cellular and molecular dysfunction, including oxidative stress, coagulopathy, neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, neurotoxicity, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction, among others. These pathological processes manifest as a diverse array of clinical impairments. They serve as targets for potential therapeutic intervention not only in TBI but also in other diseases. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been used as key therapeutic agents targeting these mechanisms for the treatment of diverse diseases, including neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). MAb therapies provide a tool to block disease pathways with target specificity that may be capable of mitigating the secondary injury cascades following TBI. This article reviews the pathophysiology of TBI and the molecular mechanisms of action of mAbs that target these shared pathological pathways in a wide range of diseases. Publicly available databases for various applications of mAb therapy were searched and further classified to assess relevance to TBI pathology and evaluate current stages of development. The authors intend for this review to highlight the potential impact of current mAb technology within pathological TBI processes.
创伤性脑损伤（TBI）是一个全球性的公共卫生问题。它仍然是发病和死亡的主要原因之一。TBI的病理过程涉及复杂的继发性损伤级联反应，这些反应与细胞和分子功能障碍有关，包括氧化应激、凝血病、神经炎症、神经退行性变、神经毒性以及血脑屏障（BBB）功能障碍等。这些病理过程表现为各种各样的临床损伤。它们不仅是TBI潜在治疗干预的靶点，也是其他疾病潜在治疗干预的靶点。单克隆抗体（mAb）已被用作针对这些机制的关键治疗药物，用于治疗多种疾病，包括阿尔茨海默病（AD）等神经疾病。单克隆抗体疗法提供了一种工具，能够以靶点特异性阻断疾病途径，这可能有助于减轻TBI后的继发性损伤级联反应。本文综述了TBI的病理生理学以及单克隆抗体在多种疾病中靶向这些共同病理途径的分子作用机制。我们检索了公开可用的单克隆抗体治疗各种应用的数据库，并进一步分类，以评估其与TBI病理的相关性，并评估当前的发展阶段。作者希望这篇综述能够突出当前单克隆抗体技术在TBI病理过程中的潜在影响。
