Schmid Jonas Q, Reimann Jens, Middelberg Claudius, Oelerich Ole, Stamm Thomas, Hohoff Ariane
Department of Orthodontics, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany.
Private Practice, 48336 Sassenberg, Germany.
Biomedicines. 2024 Dec 5;12(12):2768. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12122768.
There is a lack of evidence for the relationship between sweat pores and tooth agenesis. The aim of this study was to compare sweat pore density on fingertips between a group of patients with oligodontia and a control group without tooth agenesis. This parallel-group controlled clinical trial included 28 patients. Fourteen patients (f/m 9/5; mean age 13.5 ± 3.5 years) with ≥6 congenitally missing permanent teeth, excluding third molars (M3), were enrolled in the study group. The matched control group consisted of 14 patients (f/m 9/5; mean age 12.8 ± 1.8 years) without tooth agenesis. Impressions of 168 fingertips (left and right index, middle, and ring fingers) of the participating subjects were taken and examined using a scanning electron microscope with a 5.85 mm × 4.29 mm region of interest at the center of the fingertip. The primary outcome was the pore-to-pore distance (μm) on a dermal ridge, and the secondary outcome was the number of sweat pores per cm, while pore numbers were adjusted for individual body surface area (BSA). There were no statistically significant differences in age, height, weight, and BSA between the groups. The study group had 11.07 ± 4.03 missing teeth, excluding M3. There was a statistically significant difference ( = 0.006) in the distance between adjacent pores on a dermal ridge between the study and control groups (354.89 ±32.41 μm vs. 340.31 ±39.04 μm). The unadjusted pore numbers showed a statistically significant difference between the groups, but after adjustment for BSA, this difference was no longer present. Patients with oligodontia differed from subjects without tooth agenesis in the distance between two adjacent sweat pores on a dermal ridge. However, the differences were small and of limited clinical significance. Increased pore distance appears to be a better predictor of oligodontia/ectodermal dysplasia than pore number.
目前缺乏关于汗孔与牙齿发育不全之间关系的证据。本研究的目的是比较一组少牙症患者与一组无牙齿发育不全的对照组之间指尖的汗孔密度。这项平行组对照临床试验纳入了28名患者。研究组纳入了14名患者（女/男9/5；平均年龄13.5±3.5岁），其先天缺失恒牙≥6颗，不包括第三磨牙（M3）。匹配的对照组由14名无牙齿发育不全的患者组成（女/男9/5；平均年龄12.8±1.8岁）。采集了参与研究对象的168个指尖（左右食指、中指和无名指）的印模，并使用扫描电子显微镜进行检查，在指尖中心有一个5.85毫米×4.29毫米的感兴趣区域。主要结局是皮嵴上的孔间距（μm），次要结局是每厘米的汗孔数量，同时根据个体体表面积（BSA）对孔数量进行调整。两组在年龄、身高、体重和BSA方面无统计学显著差异。研究组除M3外有11.07±4.03颗缺失牙。研究组和对照组之间皮嵴上相邻孔之间的距离存在统计学显著差异（P = 0.006）（354.89±32.41μm对340.31±39.04μm）。未调整的孔数量在两组之间有统计学显著差异，但在根据BSA调整后，这种差异不再存在。少牙症患者与无牙齿发育不全的受试者在皮嵴上两个相邻汗孔之间的距离上存在差异。然而，差异较小且临床意义有限。孔间距增加似乎比孔数量更能预测少牙症/外胚层发育不良。
