Arufe-Giráldez Víctor, Pereira Loureiro Javier, Groba González María Betania, Nieto Riveiro Laura, Canosa Domínguez Nereida María, Miranda-Duro María Del Carmen, Concheiro Moscoso Patricia, Rodríguez-Padín Rocío, Roibal Pravio Javier, Lagos Rodríguez Manuel, Ramos-Álvarez Oliver
Research Group in Technology Applied to Occupational, Equality and Health Research, Faculty of Education, University of A Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain.
Research Group in Technology Applied to Occupational, Equality and Health Research, CITIC Research Center, University of A Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain.
Children (Basel). 2024 Nov 30;11(12):1475. doi: 10.3390/children11121475.
In today's society, low levels of physical activity are observed in the child and adolescent population, which can cause numerous pathologies, such as obesity and mental health problems.
This article aims to compile all the contexts and scenarios where it is possible to increase the levels of daily physical activity of children and young people, and which have significant scientific support.
To do so, a literature review was carried out examining four key contexts for intervention: school, extracurricular, family, and socio-community.
The results indicate that the school context, with strategies such as physical education classes and active breaks, is crucial but insufficient on its own, so it is essential to complement it with interventions in extracurricular, family, and socio-community environments. The involvement of families, access to adequate infrastructure such as parks and green areas, and the responsible use of technology, including active video games and the role of influencers on social networks, are presented as key elements to combat a sedentary lifestyle.
It is important to highlight the importance of establishing socio-educational programs that adopt a comprehensive approach to promote physical activity in children and youth, highlighting the scientific evidence that supports the effectiveness of intervening in multiple scenarios. This review concludes that a coordinated approach between different actors (schools, families, communities) is necessary to ensure that children and youth reach adequate levels of physical activity, which not only improves their physical health, but also their mental well-being and cognitive development.
在当今社会，儿童和青少年群体的身体活动水平较低，这可能导致多种疾病，如肥胖和心理健康问题。
本文旨在汇总所有有可能提高儿童和青少年日常身体活动水平且有重要科学依据支持的背景和场景。
为此，进行了一项文献综述，研究了四个关键干预背景：学校、课外、家庭和社会社区。
结果表明，学校背景，如体育课和课间活动等策略至关重要，但仅靠学校自身是不够的，因此必须辅之以课外、家庭和社会社区环境中的干预措施。家庭的参与、获得公园和绿地等充足的基础设施以及对技术的合理使用，包括主动式电子游戏以及社交网络上有影响力者的作用，被视为对抗久坐生活方式的关键要素。
必须强调制定社会教育计划的重要性，这些计划应采取综合方法来促进儿童和青少年的身体活动，突出支持在多种场景中进行干预有效性的科学证据。本综述得出结论，不同行为主体（学校、家庭、社区）之间采取协调一致的方法对于确保儿童和青少年达到足够的身体活动水平是必要的，这不仅能改善他们的身体健康，还能提升他们的心理健康和认知发展。
