Inflammation and Physical Performance in Overweight and Obese Schoolchildren.

UNLABELLED

Obesity represents a critical public health concern, often linked to low-grade chronic inflammation starting in childhood. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a 12-week kinesiotherapy program on physical performance and levels of leptin and C-reactive protein (CRP) in overweight and obese children.

METHODS

Conducted at the Filantropia Municipal Clinical Hospital, 160 children aged 6 to 15 were randomly assigned to a study group (SG, n = 80) and a control group (CG, n = 80). The SG engaged in a tailored kinesiotherapy program, while the CG maintained their usual activities. All children and their families learned five key principles for preventing and managing obesity.

RESULTS

Results indicated significant improvements in the SG, with enhancements in the 6 min walking distance, Timed Up and Go test, and walking cadence (all -values < 0.001). Notably, leptin and CRP levels (23.02 ± 7.17 to 16.62 ± 7.83, 4.13 ± 1.00 to 3.90 ± 0.95 mg/l, respectively) decreased significantly in the SG, contrasting with no significant changes in the CG. Regression analysis revealed a positive correlation between leptin levels and physical activity in the SG (coefficient: 0.5642, R-squared: 0.266).

CONCLUSIONS

These findings suggest that targeted exercise programs can effectively enhance physical performance and reduce inflammation markers in overweight children, highlighting the importance of tailored interventions in managing obesity.