Valdés Alberto, Ruiz-Saavedra Sergio, Salazar Nuria, Cifuentes Alejandro, Suárez Adolfo, Díaz Ylenia, Del Rey Carmen González, González Sonia, de Los Reyes-Gavilán Clara G
Foodomics Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain.
Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), 33011 Oviedo, Spain.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Dec 12;25(24):13324. doi: 10.3390/ijms252413324.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) development is a gradual process in which progressive histological alterations of the intestinal mucosa damage occur over years. This process can be influenced by modifiable external factors such as lifestyle and diet. Most CRC cases (>80%) originate from conventional adenomas through the adenomatous pathway and usually harbour dysplastic cells, whereas the serrated pathway is less frequent (<20% cases) and comprises hyperplastic polyps and other polyps containing dysplastic cells. The aim of the present work was to shed light on alterations of the faecal metabolome associated with hyperplastic polyps and conventional adenomas. Metabolites were analysed by Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (RP/HPLC-Q/TOF-MS/MS) and Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (HILIC-Q/TOF-MS/MS) and the results were integrated. Comparisons were performed between controls without mucosal lesions and the polyps' group, hyperplastic polyps versus conventional adenomas, and hyperplastic polyps or conventional adenomas versus controls. Alterations of metabolites in specific biochemical modules differentiated hyperplastic polyps and conventional adenomas. The metabolome of the hyperplastic polyps was characterized by an enrichment in glycerophospholipids and an altered metabolism of the degradation pathways of xanthines/purines and pyrimidines, whereas the enrichment in some phenolic compounds and disaccharides, all of them from exogenous origin, was the main differential faecal signature of conventional adenomas. Further research could help to elucidate the contribution of diet and the intestinal microbiota to these metabolomics alterations.
结直肠癌（CRC）的发展是一个渐进的过程，在此过程中，肠道黏膜会历经数年逐渐发生组织学改变和损伤。这一过程会受到生活方式和饮食等可改变的外部因素影响。大多数CRC病例（>80%）通过腺瘤途径起源于传统腺瘤，通常含有发育异常的细胞，而锯齿状途径则较为少见（<20%的病例），包括增生性息肉和其他含有发育异常细胞的息肉。本研究的目的是揭示与增生性息肉和传统腺瘤相关的粪便代谢组变化。通过反相高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱（RP/HPLC-Q/TOF-MS/MS）和亲水相互作用液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱（HILIC-Q/TOF-MS/MS）对代谢物进行分析，并整合结果。在无黏膜病变的对照组与息肉组、增生性息肉与传统腺瘤以及增生性息肉或传统腺瘤与对照组之间进行比较。特定生化模块中代谢物的变化区分了增生性息肉和传统腺瘤。增生性息肉的代谢组特征是甘油磷脂富集，黄嘌呤/嘌呤和嘧啶降解途径的代谢发生改变，而传统腺瘤粪便的主要差异特征是一些酚类化合物和二糖的富集，它们均来自外源性。进一步的研究可能有助于阐明饮食和肠道微生物群对这些代谢组学变化的作用。
