Ruiz-Saavedra Sergio, Arboleya Silvia, Nogacka Alicja M, González Del Rey Carmen, Suárez Adolfo, Diaz Ylenia, Gueimonde Miguel, Salazar Nuria, González Sonia, de Los Reyes-Gavilán Clara G
Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300 Villaviciosa, Spain.
Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain.
Cancers (Basel). 2023 Dec 24;16(1):104. doi: 10.3390/cancers16010104.
Progressive intestinal mucosal damage occurs over years prior to colorectal cancer (CRC) development. The endoscopic screening of polyps and histopathological examination are used clinically to determine the risk and progression of mucosal lesions. We analyzed fecal microbiota compositions using 16S rRNA gene-based metataxonomic analyses and the levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) using gas chromatography in volunteers undergoing colonoscopy and histopathological analyses to determine the microbiota shifts occurring at the early stages of intestinal mucosa alterations. The results were compared between diagnosis groups (nonpathological controls and polyps), between samples from individuals with hyperplastic polyps or conventional adenomas, and between grades of dysplasia in conventional adenomas. Some microbial taxa from the and phyla were the most affected when comparing the diagnosis and histopathological groups. Deeper microbiota alterations were found in the conventional adenomas than in the hyperplastic polyps. The group was enriched in both the hyperplastic polyps and conventional adenomas, whereas the family was enriched only in the hyperplastic polyps. The abundance of , , , , , , and shifted in conventional adenomas depending on the grade of dysplasia, without affecting the major SCFAs. Our results suggest a reorganization of microbial consortia involved in gut fermentative processes.
在结直肠癌（CRC）发生前的数年中，肠道黏膜会出现进行性损伤。临床上通过内镜筛查息肉和组织病理学检查来确定黏膜病变的风险和进展。我们对接受结肠镜检查和组织病理学分析的志愿者，采用基于16S rRNA基因的宏分类学分析方法分析粪便微生物群组成，并使用气相色谱法测定短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）水平，以确定肠道黏膜改变早期发生的微生物群变化。在诊断组（非病理对照组和息肉组）之间、增生性息肉或传统腺瘤患者的样本之间以及传统腺瘤的发育异常分级之间比较结果。在比较诊断组和组织病理学组时，来自厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门的一些微生物分类群受影响最大。与增生性息肉相比，在传统腺瘤中发现了更深层次的微生物群改变。在增生性息肉和传统腺瘤中，梭菌属均富集，而毛螺菌科仅在增生性息肉中富集。在传统腺瘤中，根据发育异常的分级，粪杆菌属、双歧杆菌属、真杆菌属、罗氏菌属、瘤胃球菌属、丁酸弧菌属和粪球菌属的丰度发生变化，但不影响主要的短链脂肪酸。我们的结果表明参与肠道发酵过程的微生物群落发生了重组。
