Halerimana Charles, Kyamanywa Samuel, Otim Michael H
Department of Agricultural Production, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala P.O. Box 7062, Uganda.
National Crops Resources Research Institute, Namulonge, Kampala P.O. Box 7084, Uganda.
Insects. 2024 Dec 9;15(12):976. doi: 10.3390/insects15120976.
In Uganda, the common bean () is often infested by a complex of insect pests, but bean flies, aphids, bean leaf beetles, and flower thrips are the most important. Whereas yield losses due to these pests have been established, there is limited information on their population dynamics at different stages of crop growth and their effect on yield and yield components. In order to describe the population dynamics of selected common bean pests at various phases of bean crop growth, and their impact on yield and yield components, a study was carried out in Uganda during the 2016 second rains and the 2017 first rains in three agro-ecological zones. Bean flies, bean aphids, bean leaf beetles, whitefly, striped bean weevil, leafhoppers, and caterpillars were the main insects observed. Pesticide spray schedules were imposed to generate different populations of insect pests whose effects on yield and its components were determined. The findings indicate that spray regimes significantly influenced the abundance of bean flies and leafhoppers, but not the other insect pests. Additionally, except for caterpillars, insect pests were significantly influenced by crop growth stages, but only leafhoppers exhibited a significant negative relationship with grain yield. Furthermore, yield and yield components varied significantly between spray regimes, and there was a significant positive relationship between grain yield and yield components. Our study is important for informing growers on the stage of crop growth at which management tactics such as use of insecticides can be applied for different insect pests.
在乌干达，菜豆（）常受到多种害虫的侵扰，其中豆蝇、蚜虫、豆叶甲和花蓟马最为重要。虽然这些害虫造成的产量损失已得到确认，但关于它们在作物生长不同阶段的种群动态及其对产量和产量构成因素的影响，相关信息却很有限。为了描述菜豆选定害虫在菜豆作物生长各阶段的种群动态及其对产量和产量构成因素的影响，于2016年二季降雨期间和2017年一季降雨期间在乌干达的三个农业生态区开展了一项研究。观察到的主要昆虫有豆蝇、豆蚜、豆叶甲、粉虱、条纹豆象、叶蝉和毛虫。实施了农药喷洒计划，以产生不同数量的害虫种群，并确定其对产量及其构成因素的影响。研究结果表明，喷洒方案对豆蝇和叶蝉的数量有显著影响，但对其他害虫没有影响。此外，除毛虫外，害虫受作物生长阶段的显著影响，但只有叶蝉与籽粒产量呈显著负相关。此外，不同喷洒方案之间的产量和产量构成因素差异显著，籽粒产量与产量构成因素之间存在显著正相关。我们的研究对于告知种植者在作物生长的哪个阶段可以针对不同害虫采用如使用杀虫剂等管理策略具有重要意义。
