Presz Wojciech, Szostak-Staropiętka Rafał, Dziubińska Anna, Kołacz Katarzyna
Faculty of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Narbutta 85 Street, 02-524 Warsaw, Poland.
Lukasiewicz Research Network-Tele and Radio Research Institute, Ratuszowa 11 Street, 03-450 Warsaw, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2024 Dec 13;17(24):6109. doi: 10.3390/ma17246109.
Ultrasonic atomization is an object of steadily increasing interest from metal powder manufacturers, both for additive manufacturing and powder metallurgy. Based on the analysis of available theoretical studies, simulations and experiments, it was noted that the average particle size after atomization and the final particle size distribution depend on the process parameters (e.g., frequency, amplitude) and the parameters of the atomized fluid (e.g., viscosity, surface tension). The objective of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of using ultrasonic atomization to study the properties of liquid metals. It attempts to close a gap in existing knowledge in searching for a new, possibly simple and cost-effective method to study the properties of liquid metals and clarify the relationship between ultrasonic atomization parameters (amplitude, frequency, metal spill on vibrating surface) and obtained atomization results (average particle size, particle size distribution, atomization time). Utilizing numerical modeling as a methodology, especially the finite element method, the possibilities of using ultrasonic atomization as an instrument to determine properties of liquid metals were considered as an introduction to a series of real experiments. Modeling was applied to liquids with different properties, atomized at a chosen specific constant frequency and amplitude. The results of the simulation are in line with the current state of knowledge about ultrasonic atomization. However, in the existing studies available to the authors, there are no data that can be compared directly, but indirect comparisons confirmed the conclusions of the preliminary literature analysis. The relationship between viscosity and surface tension and the average size of the atomization processes obtained in the simulation of particles was demonstrated, thus providing a tool for the development of the presented concept: ultrasonic atomization as a research method. Research and simulation results led to the final conclusion: ultrasonic atomization can be applied to study the properties of liquid metals and this will be the subject of further research and experimentation.
超声雾化一直是金属粉末制造商日益关注的对象，无论是在增材制造还是粉末冶金领域。基于对现有理论研究、模拟和实验的分析，发现雾化后的平均粒径和最终粒径分布取决于工艺参数（如频率、振幅）以及雾化流体的参数（如粘度、表面张力）。本研究的目的是评估使用超声雾化来研究液态金属特性的可行性。它试图填补现有知识的空白，寻找一种可能简单且经济高效的方法来研究液态金属的特性，并阐明超声雾化参数（振幅、频率、金属在振动表面的溢出情况）与获得的雾化结果（平均粒径、粒径分布、雾化时间）之间的关系。利用数值建模作为一种方法，特别是有限元方法，将超声雾化作为确定液态金属特性的一种手段的可能性作为一系列实际实验的引言进行了考虑。对具有不同特性的液体在选定的特定恒定频率和振幅下进行雾化建模。模拟结果与关于超声雾化的当前知识状态一致。然而，在作者可获取的现有研究中，没有可直接比较的数据，但间接比较证实了初步文献分析的结论。证明了粘度和表面张力与模拟颗粒雾化过程的平均尺寸之间的关系，从而为所提出的概念：超声雾化作为一种研究方法的发展提供了一种工具。研究和模拟结果得出最终结论：超声雾化可应用于研究液态金属的特性，这将是进一步研究和实验的主题。
