Kaczorowska Małgorzata A
Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Seminaryjna 3, 85-326 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2024 Dec 17;17(24):6158. doi: 10.3390/ma17246158.
The growing demand for alkali metals (AMs), such as lithium, cesium, and rubidium, related to their wide application across various industries (e.g., electronics, medicine, aerospace, etc.) and the limited resources of their naturally occurring ores, has led to an increased interest in methods of their recovery from secondary sources (e.g., brines, wastewater, waste leachates). One of the dynamically developing research directions in the field of separation of AMs ions from various aqueous solutions is the search for novel, efficient, and "green" materials that could be used in adsorption processes, also on a larger industrial scale. This review concerns the latest achievements (mainly from 2023 to 2024) in the development of innovative adsorption materials (e.g., ion sieves, aluminum-based adsorbents, mineral adsorbents, composites, resins) for the separation of Li, Cs, and Rb ions from solutions, with particular emphasis on their most important advantages and limitations, as well as their potential impact on the environment.
对碱金属（如锂、铯和铷）的需求不断增长，这与其在各个行业（如电子、医药、航空航天等）的广泛应用以及其天然矿石资源有限有关，这使得人们对从二次资源（如卤水、废水、废渣浸出液）中回收碱金属的方法越来越感兴趣。从各种水溶液中分离碱金属离子领域中一个动态发展的研究方向是寻找新型、高效且“绿色”的材料，这些材料可用于吸附过程，甚至用于更大规模的工业生产。本综述关注的是（主要从2023年到2024年）用于从溶液中分离锂、铯和铷离子的创新吸附材料（如离子筛、铝基吸附剂、矿物吸附剂、复合材料、树脂）的最新进展，特别强调了它们最重要的优点和局限性，以及它们对环境的潜在影响。
