Hidalgo Asunción María, Murcia María Dolores, Gómez María, Collado-González M Mar, Montiel María Claudia, Martínez Marta
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Campus of Espinardo, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus of Espinardo, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
Materials (Basel). 2024 Dec 20;17(24):6247. doi: 10.3390/ma17246247.
Nowadays, there is a growing interest in membrane modification processes to improve their characteristics and the effectiveness of their treatments and reduce the possible fouling. In this sense, in this work, a modification of an ultrafiltration membrane with three different materials has been carried out: reduced graphene oxide (rGO), chitosan and MgCl. For both the native and the modified membranes, a study has been carried out to remove the emerging contaminant sulfamethoxazole (SMX). SEM and SEM-EDX analyses have been performed to confirm membrane surface modifications. In the characterisation of the membranes, it is noteworthy that the values of the permeability coefficient, A, have been lower in the modified membranes, which is unexpected. Regarding the pollutant removal tests, the influence of pressure and initial concentration on permeate flux and rejections has been studied. Native membrane shows the highest permeate flux values. Comparing the modified membranes, the highest rejection values are obtained with the rGO-modified membrane, which can be explained by its greater hydrophilic character. Finally, a fouling study was carried out, verifying that in almost all cases, fouling occurs after the passage of the pollutant due to the blockage of the membrane pores.
如今，人们对膜改性过程的兴趣日益浓厚，以改善其特性、提高处理效果并减少可能的污染。从这个意义上讲，在这项工作中，用三种不同的材料对超滤膜进行了改性：还原氧化石墨烯（rGO）、壳聚糖和氯化镁。对于原始膜和改性膜，都进行了去除新兴污染物磺胺甲恶唑（SMX）的研究。进行了扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和扫描电子显微镜-能谱分析（SEM-EDX）以确认膜表面改性。在膜的表征中，值得注意的是，改性膜的渗透系数A值较低，这是出乎意料的。关于污染物去除试验，研究了压力和初始浓度对渗透通量和截留率的影响。原始膜显示出最高的渗透通量值。比较改性膜，rGO改性膜获得了最高的截留率值，这可以用其更大的亲水性来解释。最后，进行了污染研究，证实几乎在所有情况下，由于膜孔堵塞，污染物通过后都会发生污染。
