Al-Maliki Raghad M, Alsalhy Qusay F, Al-Jubouri Sama, Salih Issam K, AbdulRazak Adnan A, Shehab Mohammed Ahmed, Németh Zoltán, Hernadi Klara
Membrane Technology Research Unit, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Technology-Iraq, Alsinaa Street 52, Baghdad 10066, Iraq.
Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Aljadria, Baghdad 10071, Iraq.
Membranes (Basel). 2022 Oct 26;12(11):1043. doi: 10.3390/membranes12111043.
The emergence of mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) or nanocomposite membranes embedded with inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) has opened up a possibility for developing different polymeric membranes with improved physicochemical properties, mechanical properties and performance for resolving environmental and energy-effective water purification. This paper presents an overview of the effects of different hydrophilic nanomaterials, including mineral nanomaterials (e.g., silicon dioxide (SiO) and zeolite), metals oxide (e.g., copper oxide (CuO), zirconium dioxide (ZrO), zinc oxide (ZnO), antimony tin oxide (ATO), iron (III) oxide (Fe2O3) and tungsten oxide (WO)), two-dimensional transition (e.g., MXene), metal-organic framework (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs) and carbon-based nanomaterials (such as carbon nanotubes and graphene oxide (GO)). The influence of these nanoparticles on the surface and structural changes in the membrane is thoroughly discussed, in addition to the performance efficiency and antifouling resistance of the developed membranes. Recently, GO has shown a considerable capacity in wastewater treatment. This is due to its nanometer-sized holes, ultrathin layer and light and sturdy nature. Therefore, we discuss the effect of the addition of hydrophilic GO in neat form or hyper with other nanoparticles on the properties of different polymeric membranes. A hybrid composite of various NPs has a distinctive style and high-quality products can be designed to allow membrane technology to grow and develop. Hybrid composite NPs could be used on a large scale in the future due to their superior mechanical qualities. A summary and future prospects are offered based on the current discoveries in the field of mixed matrix membranes. This review presents the current progress of mixed matrix membranes, the challenges that affect membrane performance and recent applications for wastewater treatment systems.
混合基质膜（MMM）或嵌入无机纳米颗粒（NP）的纳米复合膜的出现，为开发具有改善的物理化学性质、机械性能和性能的不同聚合物膜开辟了可能性，以解决环境和能源高效的水净化问题。本文概述了不同亲水性纳米材料的影响，包括矿物纳米材料（如二氧化硅（SiO）和沸石）、金属氧化物（如氧化铜（CuO）、二氧化锆（ZrO）、氧化锌（ZnO）、锑锡氧化物（ATO）、氧化铁（III）（Fe2O3）和氧化钨（WO））、二维过渡材料（如MXene）、金属有机框架（MOF）、共价有机框架（COF）和碳基纳米材料（如碳纳米管和氧化石墨烯（GO））。除了所开发膜的性能效率和抗污染性外，还深入讨论了这些纳米颗粒对膜表面和结构变化的影响。最近，GO在废水处理中显示出相当大的能力。这是由于其纳米尺寸的孔、超薄层以及轻质和坚固的性质。因此，我们讨论了以纯形式或与其他纳米颗粒混合添加亲水性GO对不同聚合物膜性能的影响。各种NP的混合复合材料具有独特的风格，可以设计出高质量的产品，以促进膜技术的发展。由于其优异的机械性能，混合复合NP未来可能会大规模使用。基于混合基质膜领域的当前发现，提供了总结和未来展望。本综述介绍了混合基质膜的当前进展、影响膜性能的挑战以及废水处理系统的最新应用。
