Turner Erik A, Clark Samantha D, Peña-García Víctor Hugo, Christofferson Rebecca C
Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Pathogens. 2024 Dec 14;13(12):1105. doi: 10.3390/pathogens13121105.
are indoor-dwelling vectors of many arboviruses, including Zika (ZIKV) and chikungunya (CHIKV). The dynamics of these viruses within the mosquito are known to be temperature-dependent, and models that address risk and predictions of the transmission efficiency and patterns typically use meteorological temperature data. These data do not differentiate the temperatures experienced by mosquitoes in different microclimates, such as indoor vs. outdoor. Using temperature data collected from Neiva Colombia, we investigated the impact of two microclimate temperature profiles on ZIKV and CHIKV infection dynamics in . We found that the vector mortality was not significantly impacted by the difference in temperature profiles. Further, we found that the infection and dissemination rates were largely unaffected, with only ZIKV experiencing a significant increase in infection at outdoor temperatures at 21 days post-infection (dpi). Further, there was a significant increase in viral titers in the abdomens of ZIKV-infected mosquitoes at 21 dpi. With CHIKV, there was a significant titer difference in the abdomens of mosquitoes at both 7 and 14 dpi. While there were differences in vector infection kinetics that were not statistically significant, we developed a simple stochastic SEIR-SEI model to determine if the observed differences might translate to notable differences in simulated outbreaks. With ZIKV, while the probability of secondary transmission was high (>90%) under both microenvironmental scenarios, there was often only one secondary case. However, CHIKV differences between microenvironments were more prominent. With over 90% probability of secondary transmission, at indoor conditions, the peak of transmission was higher (over 850 cases) compared to the outdoor conditions (<350 cases). Further, the time-to-peak for indoor was 130 days compared to 217 days for outdoor scenarios. Further investigations into microenvironmental conditions, including temperature, may be key to increasing our understanding of the nuances of CHIKV and ZIKV vectorial capacity, epidemiology, and risk assessment, especially as it affects other aspects of transmission, such as biting rate. Overall, it is critical to understand the variability of how extrinsic factors affect transmission systems, and these data add to the growing catalog of knowledge of how temperature affects arboviral systems.
是许多虫媒病毒的室内传播媒介，包括寨卡病毒（ZIKV）和基孔肯雅病毒（CHIKV）。已知这些病毒在蚊子体内的动态变化取决于温度，而用于评估风险以及预测传播效率和模式的模型通常使用气象温度数据。这些数据并未区分蚊子在不同微气候（如室内与室外）中所经历的温度。利用从哥伦比亚内瓦收集的温度数据，我们研究了两种微气候温度曲线对寨卡病毒和基孔肯雅病毒在蚊子体内感染动态的影响。我们发现温度曲线的差异对媒介死亡率没有显著影响。此外，我们发现感染率和传播率在很大程度上未受影响，只有寨卡病毒在感染后21天（dpi）时，室外温度下的感染率有显著增加。此外，寨卡病毒感染的蚊子腹部病毒滴度在21 dpi时显著增加。对于基孔肯雅病毒，在7 dpi和14 dpi时蚊子腹部的病毒滴度存在显著差异。虽然媒介感染动力学存在差异，但差异无统计学意义，我们开发了一个简单的随机SEIR - SEI模型，以确定观察到的差异是否可能转化为模拟疫情中的显著差异。对于寨卡病毒，虽然在两种微环境情景下二次传播的概率都很高（>90%），但通常只有一个二次病例。然而，基孔肯雅病毒在微环境之间的差异更为显著。在二次传播概率超过90%的情况下，在室内条件下，传播高峰更高（超过850例），而室外条件下（<350例）。此外，室内达到高峰的时间为130天，而室外情景为217天。进一步研究包括温度在内的微环境条件，可能是增进我们对基孔肯雅病毒和寨卡病毒传播能力、流行病学及风险评估细微差别的理解的关键，特别是因为它会影响传播的其他方面，如叮咬率。总体而言，了解外在因素如何影响传播系统的变异性至关重要，这些数据增加了关于温度如何影响虫媒病毒系统的不断增长的知识目录。
