Pérez-Pacheco Rafael, Platzer Edward G, Granados-Echegoyen Carlos, Martinez-Tomas Sabino H, Zárate-Nicolás Baldomero H, Quiroz-González Beatriz, Loeza-Concha Henry, Tucuch-Haas Jorge, Fonseca-Muñoz Alicia, Arroyo-Balán Fabián
Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional (CIIDIR) Unidad Oaxaca, Santa Cruz Xoxocotlan 71230, Oaxaca, Mexico.
University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
Microorganisms. 2024 Nov 21;12(12):2388. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12122388.
We examined the infective capacity of the mermithid nematodes, , , , and in fourth-instar mosquito larvae nearing pupation of , , and to determine their prevalence in the adults of these mosquitoes. We exposed fourth-instar larvae to pre-parasitic nematodes (juvenile 2 stages) at a ratio of 10:1 (10 nematodes per mosquito larvae). Two days after the nematode applications, a sample of 20 pupae was taken and placed into transparent plastic cups with distilled water to observe the development and growth of pupae until they reached the adult phase with nematodes inside. The four species of nematodes showed the highest prevalence of infection on the mosquito, exceeding 55% parasitism, while and surpassed this value on by 61.11% and 57.89%. was the least susceptible to nematodes, with parasitism values between 30% and 40%. In laboratory settings, we obtained high rates (26.32-77.78%) of parasitized adults when the three-mosquito species in fourth-instar larvae nearing pupation were exposed to infective nematodes. (1.86) and (1.80) were infected with greater intensity and (1.33) and (1.09) with less intensity. This evaluation offers valuable insights into the variability of nematode prevalence of infection and infectivity in fourth-instar larvae, which host mermithids capable of progressing through the pupal stage to adulthood.
我们研究了索线虫目线虫、、、和在接近化蛹的四龄期、和蚊虫幼虫中的感染能力，以确定它们在这些蚊虫成虫中的感染率。我们将四龄期幼虫以10:1的比例（每只蚊虫幼虫10条线虫）暴露于寄生前期线虫（第二期幼虫）。在施用线虫两天后，采集20只蛹样本，放入装有蒸馏水的透明塑料杯中，观察蛹的发育和生长，直至它们发育到成虫阶段且体内有线虫。这四种线虫在蚊虫上的感染率最高，超过55%的寄生率，而和在蚊虫上超过了这一数值，分别为61.11%和57.89%。对索线虫最不敏感，寄生率在30%至40%之间。在实验室环境中，当接近化蛹的四龄期这三种蚊虫幼虫暴露于感染性线虫时，我们获得了较高的（26.32 - 77.78%）成虫寄生率。（1.86）和（1.80）感染强度较大，而（1.33）和（1.09）感染强度较小。这项评估为四龄期幼虫中线虫感染率和感染性的变异性提供了有价值的见解，这些幼虫寄生于能够从蛹期发育到成虫期的索线虫。
