Tanzin Abu Zubayer, Nath Chandan, Nayem Md Raihan Khan, Sayeed Md Abu, Khan Shahneaz Ali, Magalhaes Ricardo Soares, Alawneh John I, Hassan Mohammad Mahmudul
Remount Veterinary and Farm Corps, Bangladesh Army, Savar, Dhaka 1341, Bangladesh.
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram 4225, Bangladesh.
Microorganisms. 2024 Dec 9;12(12):2535. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12122535.
The irrational use of antimicrobials has led to the emergence of resistance, impacting not only pathogenic bacteria but also commensal bacteria. Resistance against colistin, a last-resort antibiotic, mediated by globally disseminated plasmid-borne mobile colistin resistance () genes, has raised significant global concerns. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial resistance patterns of colistin-resistant () and mobilised colistin resistance ( 1-5) genes from broiler meat. A total of 570 broiler samples (285 liver and 285 muscle) were collected from 7 supermarkets and 11 live bird markets (LBMs) in Chattogram metropolitan areas of Bangladesh. The isolation and identification of were carried out using standard bacteriological and molecular techniques. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method, and colistin's minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by the broth microdilution (BMD) method. Colistin-resistant isolates were further tested for the presence of (1-5) genes using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Out of the 570 samples, 311 (54.56%; 95% confidence interval: 50.46-58.60) were positive for . AST results showed the highest resistance to sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim (89.39%), while the highest susceptibility was observed for cefalexin (62.70%). A total of 296 isolates (95.18%) were found to be multidrug-resistant (MDR), with the multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index ranging from 0.38 to 1. Additionally, 41 isolates (13.18%) exhibited resistance to five antimicrobial classes, with resistance patterns of CIP + SXT + AMP + DO + TE + CT. A total of 233 isolates (74.92%) were resistant to colistin (MIC > 2 mg/L). A strong correlation between colistin resistance and the presence of the -1 gene was observed (r = 1). All phenotypic colistin-resistant isolates carried the -1 gene, while no isolates were positive for (2-5). The detection of genes in strains from poultry sources poses a significant risk, as these resistance genes can be transferred to humans through the food chain. The prevalence of multidrug-resistant and the -1 gene in poultry products in Bangladesh presents a significant public health and food safety concern.
抗菌药物的不合理使用导致了耐药性的出现，不仅影响病原菌，也影响共生菌。由全球传播的质粒介导的可移动性黏菌素耐药（mcr）基因介导的对黏菌素（一种最后手段抗生素）的耐药性已引起全球广泛关注。这项横断面研究旨在调查来自肉鸡的耐黏菌素大肠杆菌（E. coli）和mcr（1-5）基因的抗菌药物耐药模式。从孟加拉国吉大港市的7家超市和11个活禽市场（LBMs）共收集了570份肉鸡样本（285份肝脏和285份肌肉）。使用标准细菌学和分子技术进行大肠杆菌的分离和鉴定。采用 Kirby-Bauer 纸片扩散法进行抗菌药物敏感性试验（AST），并通过肉汤微量稀释（BMD）法测定黏菌素的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）。对耐黏菌素分离株进一步使用聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测mcr（1-5）基因的存在。在570份样本中，311份（54.56%；95%置信区间：50.46-58.60）大肠杆菌呈阳性。AST结果显示对磺胺甲恶唑-甲氧苄啶的耐药性最高（89.39%），而对头孢氨苄的敏感性最高（62.70%）。共发现296株分离株（95.18%）为多重耐药（MDR），多重抗生素耐药（MAR）指数范围为0.38至1。此外，41株分离株（13.18%）对五类抗菌药物表现出耐药性，耐药模式为CIP + SXT + AMP + DO + TE + CT。共有233株分离株（74.92%）对黏菌素耐药（MIC > 2 mg/L）。观察到黏菌素耐药性与mcr-1基因的存在之间存在强相关性（r = 1）。所有表型耐黏菌素大肠杆菌分离株均携带mcr-1基因，而没有分离株对mcr（2-5）呈阳性。在家禽来源的大肠杆菌菌株中检测到mcr基因构成了重大风险，因为这些耐药基因可通过食物链转移给人类。孟加拉国家禽产品中多重耐药大肠杆菌和mcr-1基因的流行对公共卫生和食品安全构成了重大关注。
