Güzey Akansel Müge, Baş Murat, Gençalp Cansu, Kahrıman Meryem, Şahin Eray, Öztürk Hakan, Gür Gürsel, Gür Ceren
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Institute of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34752, Turkey.
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34752, Turkey.
Nutrients. 2024 Dec 19;16(24):4374. doi: 10.3390/nu16244374.
: The ketogenic diet (KD) is a dietary model that can impact metabolic health and microbiota and has been widely discussed in recent years. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a 6-week KD on biochemical parameters, gut microbiota, and fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in women with overweight/obesity. : Overall, 15 women aged 26-46 years were included in this study. Blood samples, fecal samples, and anthropometric measurements were evaluated at the beginning and end of this study. After KD, the mean body mass index decreased from 29.81 ± 4.74 to 27.12 ± 4.23 kg/m, and all decreases in anthropometric measurements were significant ( < 0.05). Fasting glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, hemoglobin A1C, urea, and creatinine levels decreased, whereas uric acid levels increased ( < 0.05). Furthermore, increased serum zonulin levels were noted ( = 0.001), whereas fecal butyrate, propionate, acetate, and total SCFA levels decreased ( < 0.05). When the changes in microbiota composition were examined, a decrease in beta diversity ( = 0.001) was observed. After the intervention, a statistically significant increase was noted in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio ( = 0.001). Although Oscilibacter, Blautia, and Akkermensia relative abundances increased, Prevotella relative abundance and Bifidobacter abundance, which were the dominant genera before the KD, decreased. Moreover, the abundance of some pathogenic genera, including Escherichia, Klebsilella, and Listeria, increased. : In healthy individuals, KD may cause significant changes in microbial composition, leading to dysbiosis and long-term adverse outcomes with changes in serum zonulin and fecal SCFA levels.
生酮饮食（KD）是一种可影响代谢健康和微生物群的饮食模式，近年来已得到广泛讨论。本研究旨在评估为期6周的生酮饮食对超重/肥胖女性生化指标、肠道微生物群和粪便短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）的影响。总体而言，本研究纳入了15名年龄在26 - 46岁之间的女性。在研究开始和结束时对血液样本、粪便样本和人体测量指标进行了评估。生酮饮食后，平均体重指数从29.81±4.74降至27.12±4.23kg/m²，所有人体测量指标的下降均具有显著性（P<0.05）。空腹血糖、胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估、糖化血红蛋白A1C、尿素和肌酐水平下降，而尿酸水平升高（P<0.05）。此外，血清连蛋白水平升高（P = 0.001），而粪便丁酸、丙酸、乙酸和总短链脂肪酸水平下降（P<0.05）。在检查微生物群组成的变化时，观察到β多样性降低（P = 0.001）。干预后，厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门的比例有统计学意义的增加（P = 0.001）。虽然颤螺菌属、布劳特氏菌属和阿克曼氏菌属的相对丰度增加，但生酮饮食前的优势菌属普雷沃氏菌属的相对丰度和双歧杆菌属的丰度下降。此外，包括大肠杆菌、克雷伯菌属和李斯特菌属在内的一些致病属的丰度增加。在健康个体中，生酮饮食可能会导致微生物组成的显著变化，导致菌群失调以及血清连蛋白和粪便短链脂肪酸水平变化带来的长期不良后果。
