Brusnic Olga, Adrian Boicean, Sorin-Radu Fleacă, Grama Blanca, Sofonea Florin, Roman-Filip Corina, Roman-Filip Iulian, Solomon Adelaida, Bîrsan Sabrina, Dura Horatiu, Porr Corina, Adrian Cristian, Onisor Danusia Maria
Department of Internal Medicine VII, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No. 38, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania.
Faculty of Medicine, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania.
Nutrients. 2024 Dec 23;16(24):4411. doi: 10.3390/nu16244411.
Noncoding RNAs, particularly microRNAs (miRNAs) and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), have emerged as key players in the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). MiRNAs, small endogenous RNA molecules that silence target mRNAs to regulate gene expression, are closely linked to immune responses and inflammatory pathways in IBD. Notably, miR-21, miR-146a, and miR-155 are consistently upregulated in IBD, influencing immune cell modulation, cytokine production, and the intestinal epithelial barrier. These miRNAs serve as biomarkers for disease progression and severity, as well as therapeutic targets for controlling inflammation. This comprehensive review highlights the intricate interplay between the gut microbiota, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), and miRNA regulation. It concludes that microbiota and FMT influence miRNA activity, presenting a promising avenue for personalized IBD treatment.
非编码RNA，尤其是微小RNA（miRNA）和小干扰RNA（siRNA），已成为炎症性肠病（IBD）发病机制和治疗策略中的关键因素。miRNA是一类小的内源性RNA分子，可使靶mRNA沉默以调节基因表达，与IBD中的免疫反应和炎症途径密切相关。值得注意的是，miR-21、miR-146a和miR-155在IBD中持续上调，影响免疫细胞调节、细胞因子产生和肠道上皮屏障。这些miRNA可作为疾病进展和严重程度的生物标志物，以及控制炎症的治疗靶点。这篇综述强调了肠道微生物群、粪便微生物群移植（FMT）和miRNA调节之间的复杂相互作用。研究得出结论，微生物群和FMT会影响miRNA活性，为IBD的个性化治疗提供了一条有前景的途径。
