Pchelin Ivan M, Smolensky Andrei V, Azarov Daniil V, Goncharov Artemiy E
Department of Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Saint Petersburg 197022, Russia.
Department of Computer Science, Neapolis University Pafos, Paphos 8042, Cyprus.
Viruses. 2024 Dec 4;16(12):1879. doi: 10.3390/v16121879.
As natural predators of bacteria, tailed bacteriophages can be used in biocontrol applications, including antimicrobial therapy. Also, phage lysis is a detrimental factor in technological processes based on bacterial growth and metabolism. The spectrum of bacteria bacteriophages interact with is known as the host range. Phage science produced a vast amount of host range data. However, there has been no attempt to analyse these data from the viewpoint of modern phage and bacterial taxonomy. Here, we performed a meta-analysis of spotting and plaquing host range data obtained on strains of production host species. The main metric of our study was the host range value calculated as a ratio of lysed strains to the number of tested bacterial strains. We found no boundary between narrow and broad host ranges in tailed phages taken as a whole. Family-level groups of strictly lytic bacteriophages had significantly different median plaquing host range values in the range from 0.18 () to 0.70 (). In phages, broad host ranges were associated with decreased efficiency of plating. Bacteriophage morphology, genome size, and the number of tRNA-coding genes in phage genomes did not correlate with host range values. From the perspective of bacterial species, median plaquing host ranges varied from 0.04 in bacteriophages infecting to 0.73 in phages. Taken together, our results imply that taxonomy of bacteriophages and their bacterial hosts can be predictive of intraspecies host ranges.
作为细菌的天然捕食者，有尾噬菌体可用于生物防治应用，包括抗菌治疗。此外，噬菌体裂解是基于细菌生长和代谢的工艺过程中的一个有害因素。噬菌体相互作用的细菌谱被称为宿主范围。噬菌体科学产生了大量的宿主范围数据。然而，尚未有人尝试从现代噬菌体和细菌分类学的角度分析这些数据。在这里，我们对在生产宿主物种菌株上获得的点滴法和噬菌斑法宿主范围数据进行了荟萃分析。我们研究的主要指标是宿主范围值，计算方法为裂解菌株数与测试细菌菌株数之比。我们发现，总体而言，有尾噬菌体的窄宿主范围和宽宿主范围之间没有界限。严格裂解性噬菌体的科级组的噬菌斑法宿主范围中值差异显著，范围从0.18（）到0.70（）。在噬菌体中，宽宿主范围与平板接种效率降低有关。噬菌体形态、基因组大小以及噬菌体基因组中tRNA编码基因的数量与宿主范围值无关。从细菌物种的角度来看，噬菌斑法宿主范围中值在感染噬菌体的范围为0.04，在噬菌体中为0.73。综上所述，我们的结果表明，噬菌体及其细菌宿主的分类学可以预测种内宿主范围。
