中国西南某单一中心24年儿童恶性实体瘤的流行病学及临床特征

Epidemiology and clinical features of childhood malignant solid tumors in a single center in southwest China over 24 years.

作者信息

Li Ting, Kong Xiangpan, He Dawei

机构信息

Department of Urology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, No. 136, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, P.R. China.

Chongqing Key Laboratory of Structural Birth Defect and Reconstruction, Chongqing, P.R. China.

出版信息

BMC Pediatr. 2025 Jan 7;25(1):12. doi: 10.1186/s12887-024-05360-3.

DOI:10.1186/s12887-024-05360-3

PMID:39773427

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11706053/

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and clinical features of childhood malignant solid tumors in a single center in southwest China, thereby providing a reliable basis for formulating prevention and control strategies and rational allocation of resources for these tumors.

METHODS

Children less than 15 years old and under-diagnosed with malignant solid tumors for the first time at Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Children's Medical Center of Southwest China) from 2000 to 2023 were selected. They were classified according to the International Classification of Childhood Cancer, Third Edition (ICCC-3). A retrospective analysis was conducted on the disease spectrum composition and trends, distribution among different age groups and genders, and hospitalization characteristics of the patients.

RESULTS

Over 24 years, there were a total of 4,777 cases of initial diagnosis of childhood malignant solid tumors, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.33:1. The median age was 4 years old, with 12.6% in the 0-year-old group, 41.6% in the 1 to 4-year-old group, 27.3% in the 5 to 9-year-old group, and 18.5% in the 10 to 14-year-old group. The top 3 malignant solid tumors by incidence rate were central nervous system (CNS) tumors (21.8%), neuroblastoma (17.8%), and lymphoma (13.9%). The ratio of pediatric malignant solid tumor patients to total hospital admissions rose from 0.14% in 2000 to 0.52% in 2021 but showed a declining trend after 2021. Childhood malignant solid tumors were primarily diagnosed due to the discovery of mass/occupancy (34.9%), abdominal pain/bloating (21.1%), or fever (6.3%). 74.4% of neuroblastomas and 54.7% of nephroblastomas were diagnosed at an advanced stage. 84.4% of patients underwent surgery, and 71.9% received chemotherapy, with chemotherapy rates showing an upward trend.

CONCLUSIONS

This study provides reliable information on the incidence characteristics and trends of childhood malignant solid tumors.

摘要

目的

本研究旨在分析中国西南地区某单中心儿童恶性实体瘤的流行病学特征和临床特点，从而为制定这些肿瘤的防控策略及合理分配资源提供可靠依据。

方法

选取2000年至2023年在重庆医科大学附属儿童医院（西南儿童医学中心）首次确诊为恶性实体瘤的15岁以下儿童。根据《国际儿童癌症分类》第三版（ICCC-3）进行分类。对患者的疾病谱构成及趋势、在不同年龄组和性别的分布情况以及住院特征进行回顾性分析。

结果

在24年期间，共有4777例儿童恶性实体瘤初诊病例，男女比例为1.33:1。中位年龄为4岁，0岁组占12.6%，1至4岁组占41.6%，5至9岁组占27.3%，10至14岁组占18.5%。发病率最高的前3种恶性实体瘤为中枢神经系统（CNS）肿瘤（21.8%）、神经母细胞瘤（17.8%）和淋巴瘤（13.9%）。儿童恶性实体瘤患者占总住院人数的比例从2000年的0.14%上升至2021年的0.52%，但在2021年后呈下降趋势。儿童恶性实体瘤主要因发现肿块/占位（34.9%）、腹痛/腹胀（21.1%）或发热（6.3%）而确诊。74.4%的神经母细胞瘤和54.7%的肾母细胞瘤在晚期被诊断出。84.4%的患者接受了手术，71.9%的患者接受了化疗，化疗率呈上升趋势。