Li Yao, Zheng Xutong, Yang Zhen, Yan Wenjing, Li Qin, Liu Yan, Wang Aiping
School of nursing, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Department of Clinical Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
BMC Nurs. 2025 Jan 7;24(1):19. doi: 10.1186/s12912-024-02663-9.
Faced with a shortage of nurses in China, the factors affecting the stability of the nursing workforce require urgent attention. The workplace deviance behavior of nurses is considered an important behavior in clinical practice, which will bring negative effects and affect the development of nurse team. However, no research has been done to examine the associations among workplace deviance behavior of nurses, practice environment and job burnout. Thus, this study aimed to determine the influence of practice environment on nurses' workplace deviance behavior and confirm the mediating role of job burnout.
This study was designed as a multicentre cross-sectional study, and recruited 598 nurses in China to complete a survey of the general information questionnaire, Scale of Workplace Deviance Behavior of Nurses, Practice Environment Scale, and Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey. The model was examined using descriptive analysis, Pearson's correlation analysis, and the PROCESS Macro in SPSS 26.0.
The results of the correlation analysis demonstrated a significant relationship between the practice environment and work deviance behavior of nurses, as well as a negative relationship between job burnout and these two factors. Moreover, the relationship between practice environment and work deviance behavior among nurses was partially mediated by job burnout.
A healthy practice environment and a decrease in job burnout could directly lower the work deviant behavior of nurses. Hospital managers must actively endeavor to improve the practice environment for nurses by fostering a just, fair, and supportive practice environment and by keeping lines of communication open and strong with the nursing staff. Furthermore, managers can also reduce nurses' work deviance behavior by lower their job burnout.
面对中国护士短缺的问题，影响护理人员队伍稳定性的因素亟待关注。护士的工作场所偏离行为被认为是临床实践中的一种重要行为，会带来负面影响并影响护士团队的发展。然而，尚未有研究探讨护士工作场所偏离行为、执业环境与职业倦怠之间的关联。因此，本研究旨在确定执业环境对护士工作场所偏离行为的影响，并确认职业倦怠的中介作用。
本研究设计为多中心横断面研究，在中国招募了598名护士，以完成一般信息问卷、护士工作场所偏离行为量表、执业环境量表和马氏职业倦怠通用问卷的调查。使用描述性分析、Pearson相关分析以及SPSS 26.0中的PROCESS宏程序对模型进行检验。
相关分析结果表明，执业环境与护士的工作偏离行为之间存在显著关系，职业倦怠与这两个因素之间存在负相关关系。此外，执业环境与护士工作偏离行为之间的关系部分由职业倦怠介导。
健康的执业环境和职业倦怠的降低可以直接减少护士的工作偏离行为。医院管理者必须积极努力，通过营造公正、公平和支持性的执业环境，以及与护理人员保持开放和强有力的沟通渠道，来改善护士的执业环境。此外，管理者还可以通过降低护士的职业倦怠来减少他们的工作偏离行为。
