Muta Kensuke, Okamoto Kazuhiro, Nakayama Hiroki, Wada Shuto, Nagaki Aiichiro
Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Central Glass Co. Ltd., New-STEP Research Center, Kawagoe City, Saitama, Japan.
Nat Commun. 2025 Jan 7;16(1):416. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-52842-0.
Organofluorine compounds have greatly benefited the pharmaceutical, agrochemical, and materials sectors. However, they are plagued by concerns associated with Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances. Additionally, the widespread use of the trifluoromethyl group is facing imminent regulatory scrutiny. Defluorinative functionalization, which converts the trifluoromethyl to the difluoromethyl motifs, represents the most efficient synthetic strategy. However, general methods for robust C(sp)-F bond transformations remain elusive due to challenges in selectivity and functional group tolerance. Here, we present a method for C(sp)-F bond defluorinative functionalization of the trifluoromethyl group via difluoromethyl anion in flow. This new approach tames the reactive difluoromethyl anion, enabling diverse functional group transformations. Our methodology offers a versatile platform for drug and agrochemical discovery, overcoming the limitations associated with fluorinated motifs.
有机氟化合物极大地造福了制药、农用化学品和材料领域。然而,它们受到与全氟和多氟烷基物质相关问题的困扰。此外,三氟甲基的广泛使用正面临着紧迫的监管审查。脱氟官能化,即将三氟甲基转化为二氟甲基基团,是最有效的合成策略。然而,由于选择性和官能团耐受性方面的挑战,用于稳健的C(sp)-F键转化的通用方法仍然难以捉摸。在此,我们展示了一种通过流动体系中的二氟甲基阴离子对三氟甲基进行C(sp)-F键脱氟官能化的方法。这种新方法驯服了活性二氟甲基阴离子,实现了多种官能团转化。我们的方法为药物和农用化学品的发现提供了一个通用平台,克服了与氟化基团相关的局限性。