From an Informatics Lens: Dashboards for Hospital Nurse Managers Influencing Unit Patient Outcomes.

Dashboards display hospital quality and patient safety measures aimed to improve patient outcomes. Although literature establishes dashboards aid quality and performance improvement initiatives, research is limited from the frontline nurse manager's perspective. This study characterizes factors influencing hospital nurse managers' use of dashboards for unit-level quality and performance improvement with suggestions for dashboard design. Using a descriptive qualitative design, semistructured interviews were conducted with 11 hospital nurse managers from a health system in the Midwestern United States. Thematic analysis was used to describe four perceived factors influencing dashboard use: external, data, technology features, and personal. External factors included regulatory standards, professional standards of care, organizational expectations, and organizational resources. Data factors included dashboard data quality and usefulness. Technology features included preference for simple, interactive, and customizable visual displays. Personal factors included inherent nurse manager qualities and knowledge. Guidelines for dashboard design involve display of required relevant quality measures that are accurate, timely, useful, and usable. Future research should involve hospital nurse managers in user-centered design to ensure dashboards are favorable for use. Further, opportunities exist for nurse manager informatics training and education on dashboard use in preparation for their role and responsibilities in unit-level quality and performance improvement.