Fuente Carlota Manglano de la, Palomo-Díez Sara
Medicine Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Health Legislation, Psychiatry and Pathology Department, Medicine Faculty, The Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Int J Legal Med. 2025 May;139(3):935-943. doi: 10.1007/s00414-024-03395-w. Epub 2025 Jan 8.
The 20 established STRs that make up the CoDIS package must comply with national and international privacy rights and legal policies. Current research reveals that it is possible that certain genetic markers, used in forensic contexts, may show information about other neighboring markers that could reflect certain private characteristics of individuals. Therefore, we will aim to find out, through a literature review, whether there may indeed be associations between some of the STRs alleles established by CoDIS and medical and phenotypic conditions, with the aim of checking whether this problem has a real basis. To carry out this review, a systematic search has been carried out in different databases, as well as a critical evaluation of the articles collected and a synthesis of all the relevant studies. The results generally show that private phenotypic data of the individual can be known from certain STRs established by CoDIS, due to their association with neighboring genes. However, most of the papers state that practically none of the established associations offer proof of causality, but rather a relationship between some STRs and a phenotype.
构成联合DNA索引系统（CODIS）软件包的20个既定短串联重复序列（STR）必须符合国家和国际隐私权及法律政策。当前研究表明，在法医背景下使用的某些基因标记可能会显示有关其他相邻标记的信息，而这些信息可能反映个体的某些隐私特征。因此，我们旨在通过文献综述来查明CODIS确定的某些STR等位基因与医学和表型状况之间是否确实存在关联，以核查这一问题是否有实际依据。为进行此次综述，我们在不同数据库中进行了系统检索，并对所收集的文章进行了批判性评估以及对所有相关研究进行了综合分析。结果总体显示，由于CODIS确定的某些STR与相邻基因存在关联，个体的隐私表型数据可能会由此被知晓。然而，大多数论文指出，实际上已确立的关联几乎都没有提供因果关系的证据，而只是表明某些STR与一种表型之间存在关联。
