Minj Emma Anjali, Pandey Akansha, Kumar Akhilesh, Pandey Tushar, Bano Anjum, Kumari Archana, Madan Mallika, Mohanta Anshu, Kanojiya Sanjeev, Tripathi Vineeta
Botany Unit (SAIF & R), CSIR-CDRI, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India.
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
J Plant Res. 2025 Mar;138(2):347-364. doi: 10.1007/s10265-024-01612-6. Epub 2025 Jan 7.
Calotropis procera (Aiton) W.T. Aiton is a medicinal plant belonging to the family Apocynaceae as a core source of natural cardenolides. Cardiac glycosides (CGs) are steroid derivatives reported to have the ability to regulate cancer cell survival and death through multiple signaling pathways. Earlier stage-specific and wound-responsive accumulation of CGs and their genin units have already been reported. Recent cumulative evidences have implicated stress and defense response signaling in the production of secondary metabolite in plants. In this report, seasonal accumulation of CGs and its genin units have been explored along with their profiling under control vs stress conditions with a significant accumulation using LC-MS/MS. The study showed that Calotropis procera plants efficiently accumulate CGs and genin units in both winter and summer beside rainy season, as well as under thermal and salinity stress. Among the three cardenolides, the calotropagenin was accumulated more than coroglaucigenin and uzarigenin whereas CGs like calotropin, frugoside, uscharidin, uscharin, and asclepin were significantly accumulated in response to heat, cold and NaCl. Comparatively for hormonal treatments like methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid, targeted metabsolites showed upto twofold accumulation. Gene expression analysis of CG biosynthetic genes also validated the accumulation pattern of the targeted metabolite. This targeted metabolites accumulation enhances plant tolerance to adverse conditions. Gene expression analysis supports this strategy, emphasizing the plant's effective stress management. These findings significantly contribute to our understanding of how plants adapt to stress through the accumulation of metabolites, thereby enhancing their tolerance to challenging environmental conditions.
牛角瓜(Calotropis procera (Aiton) W.T. Aiton)是一种属于夹竹桃科的药用植物,是天然强心苷的核心来源。强心苷(CGs)是类固醇衍生物,据报道能够通过多种信号通路调节癌细胞的存活和死亡。早期已经报道了强心苷及其苷元单位在特定阶段和伤口响应中的积累情况。最近的累积证据表明,植物中次生代谢产物的产生涉及应激和防御反应信号传导。在本报告中,利用液相色谱-串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS)研究了强心苷及其苷元单位的季节性积累情况,以及在对照和胁迫条件下的分析,发现其有显著积累。研究表明,除了雨季外,牛角瓜植株在冬季和夏季以及热胁迫和盐胁迫下都能有效积累强心苷及其苷元单位。在三种强心苷中,牛角瓜苷元的积累量超过了萝藦苷元和乌沙苷元,而诸如牛角瓜素、果苷、乌沙毒苷、乌沙林和阿斯科勒平之类的强心苷在热、冷和氯化钠胁迫下有显著积累。相比之下,对于茉莉酸甲酯和水杨酸等激素处理,目标代谢物的积累量高达两倍。强心苷生物合成基因的表达分析也验证了目标代谢物的积累模式。这种目标代谢物的积累增强了植物对不利条件的耐受性。基因表达分析支持了这一策略,强调了植物有效的应激管理。这些发现对于我们理解植物如何通过代谢物积累来适应胁迫,从而增强其对具有挑战性的环境条件的耐受性具有重要意义。