Peng Zhou, Lau Patrick Wing-Chung, Wen Li Ming
Department of Sport Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Front Public Health. 2024 Dec 24;12:1476733. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1476733. eCollection 2024.
Early establishment of energy balance related behaviors (EBRBs) may be effective in combating unhealthy lifestyle in preschoolers. Parents are responsible for cultivating preschoolers' EBRBs directly through parenting practices. Although investigating the impact of various parenting practices on preschoolers' EBRBs is crucial to determine which practices should be recommended to parents to help reverse childhood unhealthy lifestyle, it is important to assess whether these effects of parenting practices on preschoolers' EBRBs would be similar across different groups of preschoolers, necessitating research into the moderating effects of demographic characteristics.
Baseline dataset was utilized from an electronic health intervention study of Chinese 3-6-year-old preschoolers. Preschoolers' PA and sleep duration and quality were objectively examined using wGT3X ActiGraph accelerometer. Data related to parents and preschoolers' eating behaviors and sleep problems were subjectively assessed using parent-reported questionnaires. The PROCESS macro version 4.2 was used to perform moderation analysis. When the interaction revealed a -value of less than 0.05 and the 95% confidence interval did not include 0, the conditional effects of the focal predictor at various levels of the moderator were further examined ( < 0.05) to investigate how the relationship between parenting practices and preschoolers' EBRBs varied with different moderator levels.
Married parents exhibited the desired outcomes in the relationship between parenting practices and their preschoolers' EBRBs. In contrast, divorced/separated parents showed unfavorable results in this relationship. The association between the parents' and preschoolers' BMI varied depending on parents' socioeconomic status, the preschoolers' age, and the number of children in the household. The preschoolers' age showed different moderating trend on the relationship between parents' PA and preschoolers' sedentary behaviors as well as the association of eating-related PSE with preschoolers' eating behaviors. The mechanisms linking the parents' PSE to the preschoolers' PA, sedentary behaviors, and sleep duration were influenced by the preschoolers' gender and the number of children in the household.
The potential parental influence warrants further investigation with the consideration that the relationship between parenting practices and preschoolers' EBRBs varied across different group of children.
NCT06025019.
尽早确立与能量平衡相关的行为（EBRBs）可能有助于对抗学龄前儿童的不健康生活方式。父母有责任通过育儿方式直接培养学龄前儿童的EBRBs。虽然调查各种育儿方式对学龄前儿童EBRBs的影响对于确定应向父母推荐哪些方式以帮助扭转儿童期不健康生活方式至关重要，但评估这些育儿方式对学龄前儿童EBRBs的影响在不同学龄前儿童群体中是否相似也很重要，这就需要研究人口统计学特征的调节作用。
利用一项针对中国3至6岁学龄前儿童的电子健康干预研究的基线数据集。使用wGT3X ActiGraph加速度计客观检测学龄前儿童的身体活动（PA）、睡眠时间和质量。使用家长报告问卷主观评估与父母及学龄前儿童饮食行为和睡眠问题相关的数据。使用PROCESS宏版本4.2进行调节分析。当交互作用显示p值小于0.05且95%置信区间不包含0时，进一步检验在调节变量的不同水平下焦点预测变量的条件效应（p<0.05），以研究育儿方式与学龄前儿童EBRBs之间的关系如何随调节变量的不同水平而变化。
已婚父母在育儿方式与其学龄前儿童EBRBs之间的关系中呈现出理想的结果。相比之下，离婚/分居的父母在这种关系中表现出不利的结果。父母与学龄前儿童的体重指数（BMI）之间的关联因父母的社会经济地位、学龄前儿童的年龄以及家庭中的孩子数量而异。学龄前儿童的年龄在父母的PA与学龄前儿童久坐行为之间的关系以及与饮食相关的父母自我效能感（PSE）与学龄前儿童饮食行为的关联方面呈现出不同的调节趋势。将父母的PSE与学龄前儿童的PA、久坐行为和睡眠时间联系起来的机制受学龄前儿童的性别和家庭中的孩子数量影响。
鉴于育儿方式与学龄前儿童EBRBs之间的关系在不同儿童群体中存在差异，潜在的父母影响值得进一步研究。
NCT06025019
