Fox Katelyn, Passey Debbie, Kang Eunyoung, Zeigen Laura, Kenzie Erin, Austin Jessica D, Meadows Rachel J, Fernandez Maria E, Perez Jolles Monica
Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
BMJ Open. 2025 Jan 8;15(1):e091088. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-091088.
The ability of healthcare, community and public health systems to effectively implement and disseminate research innovations depends on contextual factors at multiple interconnected levels of influence (eg, the innovation, individual, provider/implementor, organisation and health system). Recently, there has been an increase in the development of complex interventions designed to target multiple levels, designed for or adapted to the context in which they are delivered. Two concepts from complex systems thinking have been increasingly used to operationalise such interventions-core functions (theory and evidence-driven purposes of interventions) and forms (adaptable activities that perform each core function). However, there is a gap in the literature regarding how these concepts are being applied in intervention design and evaluation and implementation strategies. To fill this gap and advance understanding of complex health interventions, this scoping review will:Identify how functions and forms are defined and operationalised across complex health implementation research studies.Describe methodological approaches to identify or apply the concepts of core functions and forms to the design and evaluation of complex health interventions and implementation strategies.
This review will follow the methodological approach of Arksey and O'Malley. The search strategy will include electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase, CINAHL and Web of Science) and reference lists and citations of exemplar papers in the field. The literature search will be designed to capture research applying the concepts of core functions and forms in healthcare and public health complex interventions. The search will be restricted to studies published in English in peer-reviewed academic journals. Two coders will screen study titles and abstracts, followed by full-text reviews. One researcher will extract the data and a second will review it for any omissions or errors. An inductive content analysis will be used to categorise the nature of how studies define and operationalise core functions and forms. The scope of the work in this area and methodology (eg, measures selection and analytic approaches) will be described narratively. Results will be presented to experts in the field and their input will be used to further contextualise the findings.
This project does not require ethics approval. We will share the findings and data results will be shared via peer-reviewed journals.
医疗保健、社区和公共卫生系统有效实施和传播研究创新成果的能力取决于多个相互关联的影响层面的背景因素（例如，创新、个人、提供者/实施者、组织和卫生系统）。最近，旨在针对多个层面的复杂干预措施不断涌现，这些措施是为其实施背景而设计或适配的。复杂系统思维中的两个概念越来越多地被用于实施此类干预措施——核心功能（干预措施基于理论和证据的目的）和形式（执行每项核心功能的适应性活动）。然而，关于这些概念如何应用于干预设计、评估和实施策略的文献存在空白。为填补这一空白并增进对复杂健康干预措施的理解，本范围综述将：确定在复杂健康实施研究中如何定义和实施功能与形式。描述在复杂健康干预措施和实施策略的设计与评估中识别或应用核心功能和形式概念的方法。
本综述将遵循阿克西和奥马利的方法。检索策略将包括电子数据库（PubMed、Scopus、Embase、CINAHL和Web of Science）以及该领域示例论文的参考文献列表和引用文献。文献检索旨在获取在医疗保健和公共卫生复杂干预措施中应用核心功能和形式概念的研究。检索将限于在同行评审学术期刊上发表的英文研究。两名编码员将筛选研究标题和摘要，随后进行全文评审。一名研究人员将提取数据，另一名研究人员将检查是否有遗漏或错误。将采用归纳性内容分析法对研究定义和实施核心功能和形式的方式进行分类。将以叙述方式描述该领域工作的范围和方法（例如，测量选择和分析方法）。研究结果将提交给该领域的专家，并利用他们的意见进一步阐述研究结果。
本项目无需伦理批准。我们将分享研究结果，数据结果将通过同行评审期刊发表。
